Kaldera, Akhmad Jundi (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Al₂O₃ dan Biochar Serai (Cymbopogon citratus) terhadap Performa Fotokatalis Komposit TiO₂/Al₂O₃/Biochar untuk Degradasi Methylene Blue. Other thesis, Institute Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Limbah cair industri tekstil yang mengandung zat warna sintetis, seperti methylene blue, sulit terdegradasi secara alami sehingga berpotensi mencemari lingkungan perairan. Salah satu metode yang banyak dikembangkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah fotokatalisis menggunakan TiO₂. Meskipun memiliki aktivitas fotokatalitik yang baik, TiO₂ masih memiliki keterbatasan berupa kecenderungan mengalami aglomerasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi komposisi Al₂O₃ dan biochar serai (Cymbopogon citratus) terhadap karakteristik serta performa fotokatalitik komposit TiO₂/Al₂O₃/biochar dalam mendegradasi methylene blue. Komposit TiO₂/Al₂O₃ disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi dengan variasi Al₂O₃ sebesar 5%, 10%, dan 15%, kemudian dikombinasikan dengan biochar melalui metode pencampuran mekanik dengan variasi 10%, 20%, dan 30%. Material hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), dan UV-Visible, kemudian diuji aktivitas fotokatalitiknya terhadap larutan methylene blue 10 ppm di bawah penyinaran sinar ultraviolet selama 150 menit. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa komposit berhasil disintesis tanpa terbentuknya fasa baru, dengan fase anatase TiO₂ tetap dipertahankan, sedangkan penambahan biochar menghasilkan luas permukaan spesifik sebesar 284,0039 m²/g dan menurunkan nilai band gap komposit menjadi 2,68–3,34 eV. Pengujian fotokatalitik menunjukkan bahwa komposit TiO₂/Al₂O₃ 15%/biochar 10% memberikan kinerja terbaik dengan efisiensi degradasi methylene blue sebesar 99,97% setelah 150 menit penyinaran, sedangkan analisis kinetika menunjukkan bahwa proses degradasi mengikuti model pseudo-orde satu dengan nilai rata-rata R² sebesar 0,954. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan Al₂O₃ dan biochar mampu meningkatkan performa fotokatalitik komposit TiO₂ sehingga berpotensi diaplikasikan sebagai material pengolah limbah zat warna.
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Textile wastewater containing synthetic dyes, such as methylene blue, is difficult to degrade naturally and poses a significant threat. Photocatalysis using titanium dioxide (TiO₂) has been widely investigated as an effective method for treating dye-contaminated wastewater. However, the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ is limited by its tendency to agglomerate. This study aimed to investigate the effect of γ-Al₂O₃ and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) biochar incorporation on the physicochemical characteristics and photocatalytic performance of TiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃/biochar composites for the degradation of methylene blue. TiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃ composites were synthesized via the co-precipitation method with γ-Al₂O₃ contents of 5, 10, and 15 wt.%, followed by the addition of biochar at concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 wt.%. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and UV–Visible spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by degrading a 10 ppm methylene blue solution under ultraviolet irradiation for 150 min. The characterization results confirmed the successful synthesis of the composites without the formation of secondary crystalline phases, while the anatase phase of TiO₂ was retained. The incorporation of biochar increased the specific surface area to 284.0039 m² g⁻¹ and reduced the optical band gap of the composites to 2.68–3.34 eV. Among the synthesized samples, the TiO₂/15 wt.% γ-Al₂O₃/10 wt.% biochar composite exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance, achieving a methylene blue degradation efficiency of 99.97% after 150 min of irradiation. Kinetic analysis revealed that the degradation process followed a pseudo-first-order model with an average coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.954. These findings demonstrate that the incorporation of γ-Al₂O₃ and biochar effectively enhances the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂, indicating its potential for application in the treatment of dye-containing wastewater.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Degradasi, Fotokatalis, Komposit, Composite, Degradation, Photocatalyst |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD716 Photocatalysis. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA418.9 Composite materials. Laminated materials. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Akhmad Jundi Kaldera |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2026 01:36 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2026 02:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136630 |
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