Desain Pabrik Oksigen dan Nitrogen dengan Kapasitas 100.000 Ton/Tahun

Al Fajri, Muhammad Thariq and Siddad, Muhammad Fahim (2026) Desain Pabrik Oksigen dan Nitrogen dengan Kapasitas 100.000 Ton/Tahun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan kebutuhan gas industri, khususnya oksigen dan nitrogen, seiring dengan berkembangnya sektor manufaktur, metalurgi, kaca, dan kesehatan di Indonesia mendorong perlunya perancangan pabrik pemisahan udara berskala besar. Tugas Akhir ini bertujuan untuk merancang pabrik oksigen dan nitrogen dengan kapasitas produksi 100.000 ton per tahun yang memanfaatkan udara atmosfer sebagai bahan baku melalui proses distilasi kriogenik. Pemilihan teknologi distilasi kriogenik dilakukan berdasarkan studi perbandingan teknologi pemisahan udara dan analisis multikriteria menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Expert Choice, yang menunjukkan bahwa teknologi ini paling sesuai untuk produksi berskala besar dengan tingkat kemurnian tinggi. Penentuan lokasi pabrik dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa kriteria utama, meliputi lokasi pemasaran, akses transportasi, ketersediaan energi listrik dan air, tenaga kerja, serta kondisi geografis dan regulasi. Hasil analisis AHP menunjukkan bahwa Provinsi Jawa Timur, khususnya kawasan Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE) Gresik, merupakan lokasi paling potensial dengan bobot tertinggi sebesar 0,456. Faktor dominan dalam pemilihan lokasi adalah kedekatan dengan pasar (0,278), akses transportasi (0,191), serta ketersediaan utilitas listrik dan air (0,191).Rangkaian proses produksi meliputi kompresi udara, pendinginan awal, pemurnian udara menggunakan molecular sieve untuk menghilangkan uap air dan karbon dioksida, serta pemisahan udara pada kolom distilasi kriogenik bertekanan tinggi dan rendah untuk menghasilkan oksigen dan nitrogen dengan kemurnian tinggi. Perancangan pabrik mencakup penyusunan Process Flow Diagram (PFD), perhitungan neraca massa dan energi, serta perancangan Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID). Analisis ekonomi dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kelayakan pabrik melalui perhitungan CAPEX, OPEX, Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan Pay Out Time (POT), yang menunjukkan bahwa pabrik layak untuk didirikan. Selain itu, aspek lingkungan dan sosial turut dikaji untuk memastikan bahwa operasional pabrik memenuhi prinsip keberlanjutan dan kepatuhan terhadap regulasi lingkungan yang berlaku.
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The increasing demand for industrial gases, particularly oxygen and nitrogen, along with the growth of the manufacturing, metallurgical, glass, and healthcare sectors in Indonesia, has driven the need for the design of a large-scale air separation plant. This Final Project aims to design an oxygen and nitrogen plant with a production capacity of 100,000 tons per year, utilizing atmospheric air as the main feedstock through a cryogenic distillation process. The selection of cryogenic distillation technology was based on a comparative study of air separation technologies and a multicriteria analysis using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with the assistance of Expert Choice software, which indicated that this technology is the most suitable for large-scale production with high product purity. The plant location was determined by considering several key criteria, including market proximity, transportation access, vailability of electricity and water utilities, labor, as well as geographical and regulatory conditions. The AHP analysis results showed that East Java Province, particularly the Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE) Gresik area, is the most potential location with the highest weighting value of 0.456. The dominant factors influencing site selection are proximity to the market (0.278), transportation access (0.191), and the availability of electricity and water utilities (0.191). The production process consists of air compression, pre-cooling, air purification using molecular sieves to remove moisture and carbon dioxide, and air separation in high-pressure and low-pressure cryogenic distillation columns to produce high-purity oxygen and nitrogen. The plant design includes the development of a Process Flow Diagram (PFD), mass and energy balance calculations, and the design of a Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID). An economic analysis was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the plant through the calculation of capital expenditure (CAPEX), operating expenditure (OPEX), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Pay Out Time (POT), which indicate that the plant is economically feasible. In addition, environmental and social aspects were assessed to ensure that the plant operation complies with sustainability principles and applicable environmental regulations.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Distilasi Kriogenik, Oksigen, Nitrogen, Pemisahan Udara, Perancangan Pabrik, Cryogenic Distillation, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Air Separation, Plant Design.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Thariq Al Fajri
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2026 07:24
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 01:59
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136783

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