Sulistiawan, Desta Tri Putra (2026) Analisis Pengaruh PH dan Densitas Arus terhadap Degradasi Organik dan Konsumsi Energi dalam Proses Eaop Limbah Pulp-Kertas Menggunakan Anoda BDD. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Industri pulp dan kertas menghasilkan limbah dengan beban pencemar organik yang tinggi, ditandai dengan nilai Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) yang besar serta kandungan senyawa organik refraktori seperti lignin yang sulit terdegradasi secara biologis. Rasio BOD/COD yang rendah pada limbah tersebut mengindikasikan rendahnya biodegradabilitas, sehingga diperlukan metode pengolahan alternatif berupa Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Process (EAOP) menggunakan anoda Boron Doped Diamond (BDD) yang mampu menghasilkan radikal hidroksil (•OH) untuk mendegradasi senyawa organik secara non-selektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi pH dan densitas arus terhadap persentase penyisihan organik, serta konsumsi energi.
Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam reaktor batch sistem single cell dengan elektroda anoda BDD dan katoda stainless steel. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan untuk menentukan kecepatan pengadukan dan waktu reaksi optimal, yang menghasilkan kondisi tetap berupa kecepatan pengadukan 200 rpm dan waktu reaksi 60 menit. Penelitian utama dilaksanakan menggunakan rancangan faktorial dengan dua variabel bebas, yaitu pH (3, 7, dan 11) dan densitas arus (10, 20, dan 30 mA/cm²), masing-masing dengan dua kali ulangan (duplo). Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi persentase penyisihan COD, TOC, dan nilai ICE pada setiap kombinasi perlakuan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pH 7 dan densitas arus 10 mA/cm² menghasilkan penyisihan COD tertinggi sebesar 59,68% di antara seluruh kombinasi yang diuji. Dari sisi konsumsi energi, nilai ICE tertinggi diperoleh pada kombinasi pH 3 dan densitas arus 20 mA/cm² sebesar 33,82%, sementara nilai ICE mencapai lebih dari 100% yang mengindikasikan dominasi mekanisme oksidasi tidak langsung (indirect oxidation) di mana satu elektron memicu reaksi berantai menghasilkan lebih dari satu spesies oksidatif aktif, mengindikasikan bahwa proses degradasi masih didominasi oksidasi parsial dibandingkan mineralisasi sempurna. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran mengenai kondisi operasi yang berpotensi diterapkan dalam pengolahan limbah industri pulp dan kertas menggunakan teknologi EAOP berbasis anoda BDD.
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The pulp and paper industry generates wastewater with a high organic pollutant load, characterized by elevated Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values and refractory organic compounds such as lignin that are difficult to degrade biologically. The low BOD/COD ratio of this wastewater indicates poor biodegradability, necessitating an alternative treatment method such as Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Process (EAOP) using a Boron Doped Diamond (BDD) anode, which is capable of generating hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to non-selectively degrade organic compounds. This study aims to analyze the effect of pH variation and current density on the percentage removal of organic, and energy consumption.
The study was conducted in a batch single-cell reactor equipped with a BDD anode and a stainless-steel cathode. Preliminary research was carried out to determine the optimal stirring speed and reaction time, resulting in fixed conditions of 200 rpm stirring speed and a 60-minute reaction time. The main research employed a factorial design with two independent variables, namely pH (3, 7, and 11) and current density (10, 20, and 30 mA/cm²), each performed in duplicate. The parameters analyzed included the percentage removal of COD, TOC, and ICE values for each treatment combination.
The results of the study showed that the combination of pH 7 and a current density of 10 mA/cm² produced the highest COD removal rate of 59.68% among all the combinations tested. In terms of energy consumption, the highest ICE value was obtained for the combination of pH 3 and a current density of 20 mA/cm², at 33.82%, while the ICE value exceeded 100%, indicating the dominance of the indirect oxidation mechanism, in which a single electron triggers a chain reaction producing more than one active oxidative species, indicating that the degradation process was still dominated by partial oxidation rather than complete mineralization. This study provides insights into potential operating conditions for the treatment of pulp and paper industry wastewater using BDD-anode-based EAOP technology.
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