Pengaruh Variasi Jenis Mulsa dan Kombinasi Tanaman pada Hydroseeding untuk Mengurangi Erosi pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Nikel

Khadafi, Muhammad Rayyan (2026) Pengaruh Variasi Jenis Mulsa dan Kombinasi Tanaman pada Hydroseeding untuk Mengurangi Erosi pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Nikel. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Aktivitas pertambangan nikel terbuka menyebabkan degradasi lahan berat berupa hilangnya lapisan tanah atas (topsoil) serta risiko erosi tinggi pada lereng curam. Erosi yang tidak terkendali menimbulkan Sediment Yield besar, sedimentasi sungai, dan pencemaran air hilir. Hydroseeding merupakan metode revegetasi awal yang cepat dan efektif untuk lereng sulit dijangkau, tetapi keberhasilannya sangat dipengaruhi oleh pemilihan jenis mulsa dan tanaman pionir yang adaptif terhadap kondisi tanah marginal pasca-tambang nikel. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium menggunakan reaktor dengan kemiringan 45° dan media tanah clay loam yang merepresentasikan tailing nikel. Variabel bebas meliputi jenis tanaman (Rumput Signal, Bunga Krokot, dan Kacang Kalopo) dan jenis mulsa (serat kayu dan sekam padi). Parameter yang diukur meliputi perkecambahan, laju pertumbuhan, tutupan lahan, laju aliran permukaan, Sediment Yield , dan Total Suspended Solids (TSS) selama 8 minggu. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif, korelasi, dan Two-way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Rumput Signal + Kacang Kalopo dengan mulsa serat kayu merupakan perlakuan terbaik. Kombinasi ini berhasil mencapai tutupan lahan sebesar 70,63% pada minggu ke-8. Perlakuan ini juga mampu menekan Sediment Yield hingga lebih dari 95% dan TSS hingga 99% dibandingkan kontrol (kontrol mencapai 277,22 g/m² untuk Sediment Yield dan 578 mg/L untuk TSS). Mulsa serat kayu secara konsisten lebih unggul dalam pengendalian erosi, sementara sekam padi lebih mendukung perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Secara keseluruhan, hydroseeding terbukti efektif sebagai solusi revegetasi dan pengendalian erosi pada lahan bekas tambang nikel.
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Open-cast nickel mining activities cause severe land degradation, including the loss of topsoil and high erosion risk on steep slopes. Uncontrolled erosion leads to large Sediment Yield , river sedimentation, and downstream water pollution. Hydroseeding is a fast and effective initial revegetation method for hard-to-reach slopes, but its success highly depends on the selection of mulch types and pioneer plant species that are adaptive to the marginal soil conditions of post-nickel mining land. This laboratory-scale study used reactors with a 45° slope and clay loam soil representing nickel tailings. The independent variables included plant types (Signal Grass, Purslane, and Calopo) and mulch types (wood fiber and rice husk). The measured parameters were germination percentage, plant growth rate, land cover, surface runoff, Sediment Yield , and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) over 8 weeks. Data were analyzed descriptively, with correlation and Two-way ANOVA. The results showed that the combination of Signal Grass + Calopo with wood fiber mulch was the best treatment. This combination achieved 70.63% land cover at week 8, meeting the minimum standard of the PUPR Guideline (2018). It also successfully reduced Sediment Yield by more than 95% and TSS by up to 99% compared to the control (control reached 277.22 g/m² for Sediment Yield and 578 mg/L for TSS). Wood fiber mulch consistently performed better in erosion control, while rice husk mulch was more supportive for germination and plant growth. Overall, hydroseeding proved to be an effective method for revegetation and erosion control on post-nickel mining land.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Erosi, Hydroseeding, Mulsa, Revegetasi Tambang, Sediment Yield ,Erosion, Hydroseeding, Mine Revegetation, Sediment Yield
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD192.5 Bioremediation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD878.47 Soil remediation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Rayyan Khadafi
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 02:50
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 02:50
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136819

Available Versions of this Item

• Pengaruh Variasi Jenis Mulsa dan Kombinasi Tanaman pada Hydroseeding untuk Mengurangi Erosi pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Nikel. (deposited 23 Jul 2026 06:34)
  • Pengaruh Variasi Jenis Mulsa dan Kombinasi Tanaman pada Hydroseeding untuk Mengurangi Erosi pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Nikel. (deposited 24 Jul 2026 02:50) [Currently Displayed]

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