Hafidita, Ain (2026) Remediasi Red Mud Salin-Sodik melalui Aplikasi Gipsum dan Variasi Penyiraman (Studi Kasus: PT X di Kecamatan Tayan Hilir, Kabupaten Sanggau, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Red mud merupakan residu hasil pemurnian alumina dari bijih bauksit yang memiliki karakteristik salin-sodik dengan nilai salinitas, sodisitas, dan alkalinitas yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman serta membatasi pemanfaatannya sebagai media tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi Konsentrasi gipsum dan variasi penyiraman terhadap perubahan karakteristik kimia dan fisik red mud serta menentukan perlakuan yang paling efektif dalam menurunkan salinitas dan sodisitas red mud. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), dan porositas. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental skala laboratorium menggunakan red mud yang diberi perlakuan gipsum sebanyak 6 gram (G1) dan 8 gram (G2) serta variasi volume penyiraman 437 mL (H1), 362 mL (H2), dan 330 mL (H3) yang merepresentasikan curah hujan di Kecamatan Tayan Hilir. Pengamatan dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 7, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 37, 42, dan 47. Analisis dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi perubahan karakteristik red mud selama tahap inkubasi dan proses leaching. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai EC awal sebesar 8,98 dS/m menurun menjadi 5,69–6,91 dS/m setelah inkubasi selama 7 hari dan terus menurun hingga 0,41–0,55 dS/m pada hari ke-47. Nilai pH awal sebesar 9,60 menurun secara bertahap menjadi 8,66–8,79, sedangkan nilai ESP menurun dari 83,02% menjadi 60,94–66,31%, yang menunjukkan berkurangnya dominasi ion Na⁺ pada kompleks pertukaran kation. Selain itu, porositas meningkat dari 51,72% menjadi 62,41–67,43%, yang mengindikasikan perbaikan struktur pori dan peningkatan kemampuan aliran air dalam media. Secara deskriptif, perlakuan G2H1 menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya dengan nilai EC sebesar 0,41 dS/m, pH 8,70, ESP 63,22%, dan porositas 67,43%. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa variasi dosis gipsum dan volume penyiraman tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap parameter yang diamati (p > 0,05), Pengaruh signifikan terdeteksi pada waktu tertentu, seperti faktor gipsum terhadap EC hari ke-7 dan pH hari ke-32, serta faktor penyiraman terhadap EC hari ke-12,22, dan 32. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi gipsum dan penyiraman mampu memperbaiki karakteristik fisikokimia red mud meskipun nilai ESP akhir masih trgolong sodik.
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Red mud is a residue generated from the alumina refining process of bauxite ore and is characterized as a saline-sodic material with high salinity, sodicity, and alkalinity, which may inhibit plant growth and limit its utilization as a planting medium. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of gypsum application and leaching treatments on the chemical and physical properties of red mud and to determine the most effective treatment in reducing its salinity and sodicity. The observed parameters included pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), and porosity. The experiment was conducted on a laboratory scale using red mud treated with gypsum at dosages of 6 g (G1) and 8 g (G2), combined with different leaching volumes of 437 mL (H1), 362 mL (H2), and 330 mL (H3), representing rainfall conditions in Tayan Hilir District. Observations were carried out on days 0, 7, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 37, 42, and 47. The analyses were performed to evaluate changes in red mud characteristics during the incubation and leaching stages. The results showed that the initial EC value of 8.98 dS/m decreased to 5.69–6.91 dS/m after 7 days of incubation and further declined to 0.41–0.55 dS/m on day 47. The initial pH of 9.60 gradually decreased to 8.66–8.79, while ESP decreased from 83.02% to 60.94–66.31%, indicating a reduction in the dominance of Na⁺ ions on the cation exchange complex. In addition, porosity increased from 51.72% to 62.41–67.43%, indicating improvements in pore structure and water movement within the medium. Descriptively, treatment G2H1 produced better results than the other treatments, with EC, pH, ESP, and porosity values of 0.41 dS/m, 8.70, 63.22%, and 67.43%, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that gypsum dosage and irrigation volume did not significantly affect the observed parameters (p > 0.05). However, significant effects were detected at specific observation times, including the effect of gypsum on EC at day 7 and pH at day 32, as well as the effect of irrigation on EC at days 12, 22, and 32. The study demonstrates that the combination of gypsum application and leaching improved the physicochemical properties of red mud, although the final ESP values still classified the material as sodic.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Salinitas, Sodisitas, Red mud, Gipsum, Leaching, Salinity, Sodicity, Red Mud, Gypsum, Leaching |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD878.47 Soil remediation |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ain Hafidita |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2026 02:40 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2026 02:40 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136931 |
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