Aulia, Maulidan Rochmatul (2026) Studi Pengelolaan Limbah Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) dan Sampah Spesifik di Fasilitas Pendidikan Tinggi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Fasilitas pendidikan tinggi dengan aktivitas akademik, penelitian, laboratorium, perkantoran, dan pemeliharaan fasilitas berpotensi menghasilkan limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) serta sampah spesifik yang mengandung atau berpotensi mengandung B3. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kondisi eksisting pengelolaan limbah B3 pada tahap pewadahan di sumber, pengumpulan, dan penyimpanan sementara di Tempat Penyimpanan Sementara (TPS) Limbah B3, mengidentifikasi jenis dan potensi timbulan sampah spesifik yang mengandung atau berpotensi mengandung B3, serta mengevaluasi tingkat pemahaman pengelola limbah B3 terhadap ketentuan yang berlaku. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan penanggung jawab pengelolaan limbah B3 dan kepala subbagian pada masing-masing departemen, penyebaran kuesioner, serta studi dokumen Persetujuan Teknis (Pertek) dan dokumen teknis penyimpanan limbah B3. Evaluasi pengelolaan limbah B3 dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi eksisting terhadap ketentuan yang berlaku, sedangkan identifikasi sampah spesifik dilakukan melalui inventarisasi jenis dan jumlah produk untuk menghitung potensi timbulan tahunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh departemen yang diamati masih memiliki ketidaksesuaian pada aspek pewadahan limbah B3, terutama terkait kesesuaian jenis wadah dengan karakteristik limbah, kondisi kemasan, penutupan wadah, dan pelabelan. Pada tahap pengumpulan menuju TPS Limbah B3, 3 dari 5 persyaratan telah terpenuhi, sedangkan penggunaan sarana pengangkutan limbah B3 yang sesuai dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri secara konsisten masih belum memenuhi ketentuan. Selain itu, ditemukan ketidaksesuaian antara kondisi eksisting dan dokumen Persetujuan Teknis terkait unit penghasil limbah B3. Potensi timbulan sampah spesifik yang mengandung atau berpotensi mengandung B3 sebesar 508,238 kg/tahun atau 42,353 kg/bulan. Timbulan terbesar berasal dari lampu LED sebesar 154,200 kg/tahun (30,34%), diikuti lampu neon/TL sebesar 106,000 kg/tahun (20,86%), aerosol atau pengharum ruangan sebesar 54,500 kg/tahun (10,72%), keyboard bekas sebesar 45,600 kg/tahun (8,97%), aki kecil sebesar 32,500 kg/tahun (6,39%), baterai bekas sebesar 32,148 kg/tahun (6,33%), dan kabel elektronik sebesar 28,800 kg/tahun (5,67%). Evaluasi tingkat pemahaman pengelola limbah B3 menunjukkan nilai pengetahuan dasar sebesar 86,11%, dokumentasi dan ketertelusuran 83,33%, penyimpanan dan pengumpulan 74,07%, praktik operasional 72,22%, serta keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) dan tanggap darurat 66,67%. Evaluasi TPS Limbah B3 menunjukkan bahwa 14 dari 15 persyaratan teknis (93,33%) telah memenuhi ketentuan yang berlaku, sedangkan satu persyaratan (6,67%) terkait penyimpanan limbah berdasarkan kompatibilitas karakteristik limbah masih memerlukan perbaikan.
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Higher education institutions with academic, research, laboratory, administrative, and facility maintenance activities have the potential to generate hazardous waste (B3 waste) and specific waste containing or potentially containing hazardous substances. This study aimed to evaluate the existing hazardous waste management practices at the stages of on-site packaging, collection, and temporary storage, identify the types and generation potential of specific waste containing or potentially containing hazardous substances, and evaluate the level of understanding of hazardous waste managers regarding applicable regulations. Data were collected through field observations, interviews with hazardous waste management personnel and department representatives, questionnaires, and a review of Technical Approval (Persetujuan Teknis/Pertek) and hazardous waste storage documents. Hazardous waste management was evaluated by comparing existing practices with applicable regulations, while specific waste was identified through an inventory of product types and quantities to estimate the annual waste generation potential. The results showed that all observed departments exhibited non-compliance in hazardous waste packaging, particularly regarding container suitability, packaging condition, container closure, and labeling. During the collection stage, three of the five regulatory requirements were fulfilled, while the use of appropriate transportation equipment and the consistent use of personal protective equipment remained non-compliant. In addition, discrepancies were identified between existing practices and the Technical Approval document regarding hazardous waste generating units. The generation potential of specific waste containing or potentially containing hazardous substances was estimated at 508.238 kg/year or 42.353 kg/month. The largest contributors were LED lamps (154.200 kg/year; 30.34%), fluorescent lamps (106.000 kg/year; 20.86%), aerosol air fresheners (54.500 kg/year; 10.72%), discarded keyboards (45.600 kg/year; 8.97%), small batteries (32.500 kg/year; 6.39%), used dry-cell batteries (32.148 kg/year; 6.33%), and electrical cables (28.800 kg/year; 5.67%). The evaluation of hazardous waste managers' understanding showed the highest score in basic knowledge (86.11%) and the lowest in occupational health and safety (OHS) and emergency response (66.67%). Evaluation of the Hazardous Waste Temporary Storage Facility indicated that 14 of the 15 technical requirements (93.33%) complied with applicable regulations, while one requirement (6.67%) related to waste storage based on compatibility of hazardous characteristics still requires improvement.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | fasilitas pendidikan tinggi, limbah B3, pengelolaan limbah, sampah spesifik, TPS Limbah B3. hazardous waste, higher education institution, specific waste, temporary hazardous waste storage facility (TPS LB3), waste management. |
| Subjects: | Q Science T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD794.5 Recycling (Waste, etc.) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Maulidan Rochmatul Aulia |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2026 02:51 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2026 02:55 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136959 |
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