Pengaruh Penambahan SiO2 dan Cangkang Kerang Perna viridis terhadap Degradasi Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon pada Tanah Tercemar Crude Oil melalui Proses Insinerasi

Syarfi, Nabiel Shadiq Gunawan (2026) Pengaruh Penambahan SiO2 dan Cangkang Kerang Perna viridis terhadap Degradasi Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon pada Tanah Tercemar Crude Oil melalui Proses Insinerasi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Tanah tercemar crude oil di kawasan tambang minyak xrakyat Wonocolo, Bojonegoro mengandung konsentrasi Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) serta logam berat timbal (Pb) yang tinggi. Insinerasi sebagai metode remediasi termal mampu mendegradasi TPH secara efisien, namun berpotensi menghasilkan gas buang berbahaya (NO, SO₂, CO) serta menyisakan residu Pb yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan. Penambahan aditif berupa silika dioksida (SiO₂) dan kalsium karbonat (CaCO₃) dari cangkang kerang hijau (Perna viridis) dihipotesiskan mampu meningkatkan efisiensi degradasi TPH, mengimobilisasi Pb melalui mekanisme vitrifikasi, serta mereduksi emisi gas polutan.
Penelitian ini menggunakan tanah tercemar dari Sumur Bor D-7 Wonocolo yang diinsinerasi pada suhu tetap 800°C dengan variasi waktu pembakaran 30, 45, dan 60 menit. Tiga rasio campuran diuji, yaitu 1:0:0 (kontrol tanpa aditif), 1:1:1, dan 1:1:2 (tanah:SiO₂:CaCO₃), dengan massa total sampel 60 gram. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi efisiensi removal TPH melalui metode ekstraksi ultrasonik berbasis EPA 3540C, persentase imobilisasi logam Pb melalui metode Hotblock ICP-OES, serta pengukuran emisi gas NO, SO₂, dan CO yang diukur setiap 5 menit selama waktu pembakaran.
Seluruh variasi berhasil mendegradasi TPH dengan efisiensi tertinggi pada variasi kontrol (95% di 45 dan 60 menit), diikuti variasi 2 (94,12% di 60 menit) dan variasi 1 (91,67% di 60 menit). Imobilisasi Pb terbaik dicapai oleh variasi 2 pada waktu 45 menit dengan efisiensi 71,78%, melalui mekanisme vitrifikasi pembentukan matriks kalsium silikat amorf. Variasi 2 merupakan variasi perlakuan yang paling efektif dalam menekan emisi gas hasil insinerasi hingga mencapai standar baku dengan nilai NO sebesar 64,86 mg/Nm³, SO2 sebesar 0 mg/Nm³, dan CO sebesar 63,92 mg/Nm³.
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Crude oil-contaminated soil in the Wonocolo oil drilling site, Bojonegoro, contains high concentrations of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and lead (Pb). Incineration as a thermal remediation method is capable of efficiently degrading TPH; however, it potentially generates hazardous flue gases (NO, SO₂, CO) and leaves behind Pb residue. The addition of silicon dioxide (SiO₂) and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) derived from green mussel shells (Perna viridis) is hypothesized to enhance TPH degradation efficiency, immobilize Pb through a vitrification mechanism, and reduce pollutant gas emissions.
This study used contaminated soil from Drill Well D-7 in Wonocolo, incinerated at a constant temperature of 800°C with combustion time variations of 30, 45, and 60 minutes. Three mixture ratios were tested: 1:0:0 (control without additives), 1:1:1, and 1:1:2 (soil:SiO₂:CaCO₃), with a total sample mass of 60 grams. The removal efficiency of TPH was analyzed using ultrasonic extraction based on EPA Method 3540C. In addition, Pb immobilization percentage via Hotblock ICP-OES method. To detect NO, SO₂, and CO, portable flue gas analyzer was used in order to record those gas emissions per 5 minutes during the incineration periods.
All variations successfully degraded TPH, with the highest efficiency recorded in the control variation (95% at 45 and 60 minutes), followed by variation 2 (94,12% at 60 minutes) and variation 1 (91,67% at 60 minutes). The best Pb immobilization was achieved by variation 2 at 45 minutes with an efficiency of 71,78%, through a vitrification mechanism involving the formation of an amorphous calcium silicate matrix. In terms of emissions, variation 2 was the most effective in suppressing incineration gas emissions to meet the regulatory standard with NO at 64.86 mg/Nm³, SO₂ at 0 mg/Nm³, and CO at 63.92 mg/Nm³.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Insinerasi, Kalsium Karbonat, Silikon Dioksida, Timbal, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon. Calcium Carbonate, Incineration, Lead, Silicone Dioxide, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD796 Incineration. Incinerators
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Theses
Depositing User:	Nabiel Shadiq Gunawan Syarfi
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 02:33
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 02:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136992

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