Kajian Dampak Lingkungan Pada Instalasi Penjernih Air Gunungsari Dengan Metode Life Cycle Assessment

Suparwanti, Santi (2026) Kajian Dampak Lingkungan Pada Instalasi Penjernih Air Gunungsari Dengan Metode Life Cycle Assessment. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Air bersih merupakan kebutuhan penting bagi kegiatan industri, termasuk di PT Petrokimia Gresik yang memanfaatkan Instalasi Penjernih Air (IPA) Gunungsari untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air proses dan operasional. Proses pengolahan air memerlukan penggunaan energi listrik dan bahan kimia seperti aluminium sulfat, poliakrilamida, dan gas klorin yang berpotensi menimbulkan dampak terhadap lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan evaluasi dampak lingkungan untuk mendukung pengelolaan yang lebih berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak lingkungan yang timbul akibat proses pengolahan air bersih pada IPA Gunungsari PT Petrokimia Gresik serta menentukan alternatif pengurangan dampak terhadap lingkungan menggunakan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan gate-to-gate menggunakan unit fungsional 1 m³ air bersih dan metode penilaian dampak IMPACT 2002+. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif yang menggunakan data sekunder berupa debit air, penggunaan energi listrik, dan penggunaan bahan kimia pada IPA Gunungsari PT Petrokimia Gresik periode Januari–Juli 2025. Tahapan analisis mengikuti metode Life Cycle Assessment yang terdiri atas goal and scope, life cycle inventory (LCI), life cycle impact assessment (LCIA), dan interpretation. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak SimaPro 10.3.0 Demo dengan metode IMPACT 2002+ untuk menilai kategori dampak midpoint dan endpoint yang dihasilkan selama proses pengolahan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi 1 m³ air bersih menghasilkan dampak lingkungan pada empat kategori endpoint, yaitu human health sebesar 1,62 × 10⁻⁷ DALY, ecosystem quality sebesar 0,018 PDF·m²·tahun, climate change sebesar 0,128 kg CO₂-eq, dan resources sebesar 1,21 MJ primary. Hasil normalisasi dan pembobotan menunjukkan bahwa kategori human health merupakan dampak terbesar dengan nilai normalisasi 2,28 × 10⁻⁵ dan nilai pembobotan 22,8 µPt, diikuti oleh climate change sebesar 13 µPt, resources sebesar 7,99 µPt, dan ecosystem quality sebesar 1,31 µPt. Aluminium sulfat dan energi listrik merupakan kontributor utama terhadap keseluruhan dampak lingkungan, sedangkan kontribusi gas klorin dan poliakrilamida relatif kecil. Alternatif pengurangan dampak lingkungan dapat dapat dilakukan dengan optimasi dosis aluminium sulfat, substitusi aluminium sulfat dengan PAC atau low-carbon coagulant. Sedangkan untuk penggunaan energi listrik dapat dilakukan dengan penggantian dengan pompa berlabel efesiensi tinggi dan penggunaan energi terbarukan.
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Clean water is an essential resource for industrial activities, including those at PT Petrokimia Gresik, which utilizes the Gunungsari Water Treatment Plant (WTP) to supply water for production processes and operational needs. The water treatment process requires electrical energy and chemical additives, such as aluminum sulfate, polyacrylamide, and chlorine, which may contribute to environmental impacts. Therefore, an environmental impact assessment is necessary to support more sustainable water treatment management. This study aims to identify the environmental impacts generated by the raw water treatment process at the Gunungsari Water Treatment Plant of PT Petrokimia Gresik and to determine alternative measures for reducing these impacts using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The assessment was conducted using a gate-to-gate approach with a functional unit of 1 m³ of treated water and the IMPACT 2002+ method. This study employed a quantitative descriptive research design using secondary data, including water flow rate, electricity consumption, and chemical usage at the Gunungsari Water Treatment Plant from January to July 2025. The analysis followed the Life Cycle Assessment framework, consisting of goal and scope definition, Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), and interpretation. Data were processed using SimaPro 10.3.0 Demo software with the IMPACT 2002+ method to evaluate both midpoint and endpoint impact categories generated throughout the water treatment process. The results indicate that the production of 1 m³ of treated water generates environmental impacts in four endpoint categories: human health (1.62 × 10⁻⁷ DALY), ecosystem quality (0.018 PDF·m²·year), climate change (0.128 kg CO₂-eq), and resources (1.21 MJ primary). The normalization and weighting results reveal that the human health category has the highest impact, with a normalization value of 2.28 × 10⁻⁵ and a weighting score of 22.8 µPt, followed by climate change (13 µPt), resources (7.99 µPt), and ecosystem quality (1.31 µPt). Aluminum sulfate and electricity consumption were identified as the primary contributors to the overall environmental impacts, whereas chlorine gas and polyacrylamide contributed only marginally. Alternative environmental impact reduction strategies include optimizing the aluminum sulfate dosage and substituting with low-carbon coagulants. In addition, the environmental impacts associated with electricity consumption can be reduced by replacing existing pumps with high-efficiency pumps and untilizing renewable energy sources.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kata kunci: Life Cycle Assessment, instalasi penjernih air, dampak lingkungan, IMPACT 2002+, SimaPro. Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment, water treatment plant, environmental impact, IMPACT 2002+, SimaPro.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Santi Suparwanti
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 02:40
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 02:40
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136996

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