Analisis Perpindahan Panas pada Evaporator E304 di Pabrik I Pupuk ZA PT. Petrokimia Gresik

Syafri, Moch. Humam Al (2022) Analisis Perpindahan Panas pada Evaporator E304 di Pabrik I Pupuk ZA PT. Petrokimia Gresik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Evaporator memiliki peranan yang sangat penting di pabrik ammonium sulfat (ZA I). Hal ini dikarenakan evaporator berfungsi untuk memekatkan salah satu bahan baku dalam pupuk ZA yaitu larutan ammonia cair sehingga dapat terbentuk menjadi uap ammonia sebelum direaksikan di dalam saturator. Evaporator E304 sudah beroperasi selama $\pm 30$ tahun di pabrik pupuk ZA I dan pada kondisi operasi evaporator sekarang memiliki temperatur yang lebih tinggi daripada desain awal. Dengan adanya perbedaan temperatur serta waktu pemakaian evaporator yang sudah cukup lama tentu mempengaruhi efektifitas dari evaporator. Menanggapi hal ini, kinerja evaporator perlu dievaluasi untuk mengetahui evaporator masih efisien atau tidak. Oleh karena itu penelitian pada proyek akhir ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kinerja evaporator E304 yang dioperasikan di luar data desainnya terhadap laju perpindahan panas dan nilai efektivitasnya. Metode perhitungan yang digunakan yaitu metode log mean temperature different (LMTD) dan metode effectiveness - number transfer units (NTU), sehingga dapat diketahui kondisi performa dari Evaporator E304 yang sedang dioperasikan di dalam Pabrik Pupuk ZA PT. Petrokimia Gresik. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah perhitungan data desain dan operasi yaitu nilai laju perpindahan panas yang lebih besar pada data desain sebesar 343,8975 kW pada zona subcooling, 2486,4976 kW pada zona evaporating, dan 203,514 kW pada zona desuperheating. Pada data operasi nilai laju perpindahan panas mengalami penurunan yaitu pada zona subcooling sebesar 230,411 kW, pada zona evaporating sebesar 2197,3179 kW dan 180,476 kW pada zona desuperheating. Nilai efektifitas untuk data desain Evaporator E304 pada zona subcooling, evaporating dan desuperheating secara berturut-turut adalah 0,044247118, 0,60071455 dan 0,015290127. Dan nilai efektifitas untuk data operasi Evaporator E304 pada zona subcooling, evaporating dan desuperheating secara berturut-turut adalah 0,04262712, 0,588636339 dan 0,013194766. Selisih yang tidak terlalu signifikan menunjukkan bahwa Evaporator E304 PT. Petrokimia Gresik masih dalam keadaan bagus untuk bisa beroperasi.
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Evaporator has a very important role in the ammonium sulfate (ZA I) plant. This is because the evaporator functions to concentrate one of the raw materials in ZA fertilizer, namely liquid ammonia solution so that it can be formed into ammonia vapor before being reacted in the saturator. Evaporator E304 has been operating for $\pm 30$ years at the ZA I fertilizer plant and at the current operating conditions the evaporator has a higher temperature than the initial design. With the difference in temperature and time of use of the evaporator which has been long enough, it certainly affects the effectiveness of the evaporator. In response to this, the performance of the evaporator needs to be evaluated to determine whether the evaporator is still efficient or not. Therefore, the research in this final project was conducted to analyze the performance of evaporator E304 which is operated outside of its design data on the heat transfer rate and effectiveness value. The calculation method used is the log mean temperature different (LMTD) method and the effectiveness - number transfer units (NTU) method, so that the performance condition of the E304 Evaporator which is being operated in the ZA Fertilizer Plant PT. Petrokimia Gresik. The results obtained after calculating the design and operation data are the higher heat transfer rate in the design data of 343.8975 kW in the subcooling zone, 2486.4976 kW in the evaporating zone, and 203.514 kW in the desuperheating zone. In the operating data, the heat transfer rate decreased, namely in the subcooling zone of 230.411 kW, in the evaporating zone of 2197.3179 kW and 180.476 kW in the desuperheating zone. The effectiveness values for the E304 Evaporator design data in the subcooling, evaporating and desuperheating zones are 0.044247118, 0.6071455 and 0.015290127, respectively. And the effectiveness values for the operating data of the Evaporator E304 in the subcooling, evaporating and desuperheating zones are 0.04262712, 0.588636339 and 0.013194766, respectively. The difference which is not too significant indicates that Evaporator E304 PT. Petrokimia Gresik is still in good condition to operate.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Evaporator, Perpindahan Panas, Efektifitas, Evaporator, Heat Transfer, Effectiveness
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	magang .
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2026 08:34
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2026 08:35
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137048

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