Hassanah, Najwa Nisyaiyah (2026) Analisis Risiko Sistem Pengolahan Air Terproduksi dengan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) di Industri Hulu Migas (Studi Kasus: Area "A" pada PT X). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Industri hulu minyak dan gas bumi menghasilkan air terproduksi dalam jumlah besar, terutama pada lapangan yang telah memasuki fase produksi lanjut. Air terproduksi memiliki ka-rakteristik kompleks karena dapat mengandung minyak dan lemak, padatan tersuspensi, senyawa organik, mineral terlarut, gas terlarut, serta suhu yang relatif tinggi. Apabila tidak dike-lola secara optimal, air terproduksi berpotensi menimbulkan gangguan operasional dan dampak terhadap lingkungan. PT X merupakan salah satu perusahaan hulu migas di Provinsi Riau yang mengelola air terproduksi melalui rangkaian sistem pengolahan sebelum dialirkan ke badan air penerima. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko sistem pengolahan air terproduksi di Area “A” PT X menggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Penelitian dilakukan melalui evaluasi kondisi eksisting sistem pengolahan, data kualitas air, observasi la-pangan, wawancara, kuesioner, serta telaah dokumen teknis. Identifikasi potensi kegagalan dilakukan pada tahapan pengolahan yang meliputi unit Produced Water Treatment Plant (PWTP), pre-wetland, constructed wetland, dan outlet akhir. Analisis akar penyebab didukung menggunakan fishbone analysis, sedangkan penentuan prioritas risiko dilakukan berdasarkan nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN) dari parameter severity, occurrence, dan detection. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan hanya parameter suhu yang melampaui baku mutu dari sembilan parameter dipersyaratkan, yaitu mencapai 44,6°C pada Juli 2025 terhadap baku mutu outlet wetland sebesar 37°C. PWTP menurunkan suhu rata-rata 28,25°C dengan efisiensi 39,35%, sedangkan rangkaian wetland berkontribusi 15,10°C. Kenaikan suhu rata-rata 8,35°C pada jalur transfer Outlet PWTP 5–Inlet Pre-Wetland B mengindikasikan pemanasan kembali (re-heating) akibat paparan lingkungan. Dari 29 potensi kegagalan, enam tergolong kategori tinggi, dengan RPN tertinggi pada jalur transfer terpapar lingkungan mencapai 336, diikuti radiasi matahari sebesar 294, serta waktu tinggal, cuaca, dan suhu udara masing-masing sebesar 252. Rekomendasi disusun berdasarkan hirarki pengendalian risiko, meliputi thermal profiling, insulasi termal, naungan Wetland B, batas debit optimal, dan penguatan monitoring.
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The upstream oil and gas industry generates large volumes of produced water, particularly from mature fields. Produced water has complex characteristics, containing oil, suspended solids, organic compounds, and high temperature, posing operational and environmental risks if poorly managed. PT X, a Riau-based upstream oil and gas company, manages produced water through a series of treatment systems before discharge into the receiving water. This study analyzes the risk of the produced water treatment system at Area "A" of PT X using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method, based on evaluation of existing conditions, water quality data, field observation, and document review of the PWTP, pre-wetland, and constructed wetland units. Root cause analysis used fishbone analysis, while risk prioritization was based on the Risk Priority Number (RPN), obtained by multiplying severity, occurrence, and detection on a 1–10 scale, grouped into five risk categories. Results show only temperature exceeded the standard among nine required parameters, reaching 44.6°C in July 2025 against the wetland outlet standard of 37°C. The PWTP reduced average temperature by 28.25°C at 39.35% efficiency, while the wetland series contributed 15.10°C. An average rise of 8.35°C occurred along the transfer line between Outlet PWTP 5 and Inlet Pre-Wetland B, indicating re-heating from environmental exposure. Of 29 failure modes, six were high risk, with the highest RPN at the exposed transfer line reaching 336, followed by solar radiation at 294, and retention time, weather, and air temperature each at 252. Recommendations include thermal profiling, insulation, shading, flow limits, and monitoring.
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