Pemanfaatan Biochar Sebagai Strategi Ameliorasi Lahan Salin Untuk Budidaya Padi Varietas Inpari 34 Di Kawasan Pesisir

Rizky, Quincita Habiba (2026) Pemanfaatan Biochar Sebagai Strategi Ameliorasi Lahan Salin Untuk Budidaya Padi Varietas Inpari 34 Di Kawasan Pesisir. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Lahan salin di kawasan pesisir merupakan salah satu tantangan utama dalam peningkatan produksi padi di tengah keterbatasan lahan pertanian akibat alih fungsi dan perubahan iklim. Tingginya kandungan garam serta rendahnya bahan organik tanah menyebabkan penurunan kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas tanaman padi. Penggunaan varietas toleran salinitas seperti Inpari 34 saja tidak cukup karena hanya mengatasi aspek toleransi tanaman, tanpa memperbaiki keterbatasan sifat tanah salin itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh biochar bonggol jagung (BJ) dan biochar sekam padi (SP) terhadap perbaikan tanah salin, respons pertumbuhan vegetatif-generatif padi Inpari 34,serta menentukan jenis biochar yang paling efektif meningkatkan produktivitas padi di lahan salin pesisir. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Raya Mangrove Gunung Anyar, Surabaya, menggunakan dua macam biochar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua jenis biochar mampu menurunkan salinitas tanah secara nyata dari 20 mS/cm sebesar 83,4% (BJ) dan 77,85% (SP), disertai peningkatan pH tanah asam menjadi netral. Pada fase vegetatif, biochar bonggol jagung menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah anakan yang secara nyata lebih tinggi secara siknifikan (p<0,05) dibandingkan biochar sekam padi, namun perbedaan ini tidak lagi signifikan pada fase generatif. Biochar bonggol jagung menunjukkan rasio Na/K akar yang lebih rendah (0,18 berbanding 0,38), biomassa akar dan rasio akar-tajuk yang lebih tinggi, serta jumlah gabah per malai yang secara nyata lebih besar (63,62 berbanding 41,20 butir; p<0,05) dibandingkan biochar sekam padi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, biochar bonggol jagung berpotensi sebagai amelioran tanah salin untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan produktivitas padi Inpari 34.
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Saline land in coastal areas is one of the main challenges in increasing rice production amid the limited availability of agricultural land due to land-use conversion and climate change. High salt content and low soil organic matter lead to a decline in soil fertility and rice productivity. The use of salt-tolerant rice varieties such as Inpari 34 alone is not sufficient, as it only addresses plant tolerance without improving the underlying limitations of saline soil properties. This study aimed to analyze the effects of corn cob biochar (BJ) and rice husk biochar (SP) on saline soil amelioration, to evaluate the vegetative and generative growth responses of Inpari 34 rice, and to determine the most effective biochar type for improving rice productivity on coastal saline land. The study was conducted at Kebun Raya Mangrove Gunung Anyar, Surabaya, using two biochar treatments. The results showed that both biochar types significantly reduced soil salinity from 20 mS/cm by 83.4% (BJ) and 77.85% (SP), accompanied by an increase in soil pH from acidic to neutral conditions. During the vegetative stage, corn cob biochar produced significantly greater plant height, leaf number, and tiller number (p < 0.05) than rice husk biochar; however, these differences were no longer significant during the generative stage. Corn cob biochar also resulted in a lower root Na/K ratio (0.18 vs. 0.38), greater root biomass, a higher root-to-shoot ratio, and a significantly higher number of grains per panicle (63.62 vs. 41.20 grains; p < 0.05) compared with rice husk biochar. These findings demonstrate that corn cob biochar is more potential than rice husk biochar as a soil amendment for improving coastal saline soils and enhancing the growth and productivity of Inpari 34 rice.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ameliorasi tanah, Biochar, Lahan pesisir salin, Padi Inpari 34, SDGs 2 zero hunger, Biochar, Coastal saline land, Inpari 34 rice, Saline soil, SDGs zero hunger.
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Quincita Habiba Rizky
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 07:57
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 07:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137318

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