Analisis Kinerja Operasional Armada Pra dan Pasca Penerapan SLA pada Perusahaan Logistik Maritim

Tovic, Muhammad Dzaky Al (2026) Analisis Kinerja Operasional Armada Pra dan Pasca Penerapan SLA pada Perusahaan Logistik Maritim. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Logistik maritim merupakan tulang punggung perdagangan dan rantai pasok energi nasional, namun menghadapi tantangan inefisiensi biaya operasional dan keandalan armada. Sebagai respons, Perusahaan X menerapkan Service Level Agreement (SLA) sebagai instrumen tata kelola berbasis kinerja pada armada Small Tanker I. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dampak implementasi SLA terhadap kinerja operasional armada secara komparatif sebelum (2023) dan sesudah (2024) implementasi, menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap indikator kinerja utama dan efisiensi teknis, serta mengidentifikasi perubahan strategi manajemen armada. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran (explanatory sequential mixed-methods) terhadap 10 kapal sebagai Decision Making Unit (DMU). Efisiensi teknis diukur menggunakan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model BCC input-oriented, produktivitas dinamis diukur dengan Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI), dan enam hipotesis diuji melalui uji Wilcoxon, regresi, serta uji mediasi Baron & Kenny. Data kualitatif dari wawancara lima narasumber kunci digunakan untuk menjelaskan hasil kuantitatif melalui joint display. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa SLA berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap strategi operasional (H2: β = 3,04; p < 0,001) dan meningkatkan produktivitas total armada secara signifikan (H5: rata-rata MPI = 1,21; p < 0,001) dengan komponen technological change yang dominan. Namun, efisiensi teknis relatif (DEA) tidak berbeda signifikan antara kedua periode (H1: p = 0,275), dan strategi tidak terbukti memediasi pengaruh SLA terhadap efisiensi (H3 dan H4 tidak didukung). Kapal benchmark berhasil teridentifikasi sebagai dasar perbaikan berkelanjutan (H6). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa SLA bekerja sebagai instrumen pergeseran sistemik yang meningkatkan produktivitas dinamis, meskipun belum mengubah posisi efisiensi relatif antar kapal dalam jangka pendek. Penelitian merekomendasikan perbaikan definisi KPI, penguatan fuel governance dan PMS/CMMS, serta replikasi praktik kapal benchmark.
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Maritime logistics is the backbone of national trade and energy supply chains, yet it faces persistent challenges in operational cost efficiency and fleet reliability. In response, Company X implemented a Service Level Agreement (SLA) as a performance-based governance instrument for its Small Tanker I fleet. This study aims to evaluate the impact of SLA implementation on fleet operational performance comparatively before (2023) and after (2024) implementation, to analyze its influence on key performance indicators and technical efficiency, and to identify changes in fleet management strategy. This study employs an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach involving 10 vessels as Decision Making Units (DMUs). Technical efficiency is measured using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with an input-oriented BCC model, dynamic productivity is measured using the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI), and six hypotheses are tested through the Wilcoxon test, regression, and the Baron & Kenny mediation procedure. Qualitative data from interviews with five key informants are used to explain the quantitative results through a joint display matrix. The results indicate that SLA has a positive and significant effect on operational strategy (H2: β = 3.04; p < 0.001) and significantly increases total fleet productivity (H5: mean MPI = 1.21; p < 0.001), with the technological change component being dominant. However, relative technical efficiency (DEA) does not differ significantly between the two periods (H1: p = 0.275), and strategy is not proven to mediate the effect of SLA on efficiency (H3 and H4 are not supported). Benchmark vessels are successfully identified as a basis for continuous improvement (H6). These findings suggest that SLA functions as an instrument of systemic frontier shift that enhances dynamic productivity, although it has not yet altered the relative efficiency positions among vessels in the short term. The study recommends refining KPI definitions, strengthening fuel governance and PMS/CMMS, and replicating benchmark vessel practices.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Data Envelopment Analysis, efisiensi operasional armada, Malmquist Productivity Index, Service Level Agreement, strategi operasional maritim, fleet operational efficiency, maritime operational strategy
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD38.5 Business logistics--Cost effectiveness. Supply chain management. ERP
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Muhammad Dzaky Al Tovic
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 21:28
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 21:28
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137320

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