Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Timing Ignitation Terhadap Peforma Dan Emisi Gas Buang Engine 4 Langkah 1 Silinder Berbahan Bakar Etanol (E-100)

Wicaksono, Nyonik Adi (2026) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Timing Ignitation Terhadap Peforma Dan Emisi Gas Buang Engine 4 Langkah 1 Silinder Berbahan Bakar Etanol (E-100). Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penggunaan bahan bakar fosil yang tinggi pada sektor transportasi mendorong pengembangan bahan bakar alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan, salah satunya bioetanol. Bioetanol murni (E100) memiliki angka oktan tinggi dan potensi menghasilkan emisi gas buang yang lebih rendah, namun penggunaannya pada mesin standar memerlukan penyesuaian sistem pengapian agar proses pembakaran berlangsung optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi waktu pengapian (ignition timing) terhadap performa mesin dan emisi gas buang pada sepeda motor empat langkah satu silinder 110 cc dengan sistem Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) berbahan bakar bioetanol E100. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan lima variasi sudut pengapian melalui metode remapping ECU. Pengujian performa dilakukan menggunakan dynotest untuk memperoleh data daya, torsi, Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), dan efisiensi termal, sedangkan pengujian emisi gas buang dilakukan menggunakan gas analyzer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi sudut pengapian berpengaruh terhadap performa mesin dan emisi gas buang. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada sudut pengapian +2°, yang menghasilkan daya maksimum sebesar ±9,83 hp, torsi maksimum ±7,93 N·m, BMEP tertinggi ±923,37 kPa, BSFC yang lebih rendah, serta efisiensi termal tertinggi sebesar ±54,25%. Pada kondisi cruising speed 6000 rpm, variasi +2° juga menunjukkan performa terbaik dibandingkan variasi lainnya. Pengujian emisi menunjukkan bahwa sudut pengapian +4° menghasilkan emisi CO terendah dan kadar CO₂ tertinggi, sedangkan sudut pengapian +6° menghasilkan emisi HC terendah dan kadar O₂ terendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan sudut pengapian yang tepat mampu meningkatkan performa mesin sekaligus menghasilkan karakteristik emisi gas buang yang tetap memenuhi baku mutu emisi kendaraan bermotor.
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High fossil fuel consumption in the transportation sector has driven the development of more environmentally friendly alternative fuels, such as bioethanol. Pure bioethanol (E100) possesses a high octane rating and the potential for lower exhaust emissions; however, its use in standard engines requires ignition system adjustments to ensure optimal combustion. This study aims to analyze the effect of varying ignition timing on engine performance and exhaust emissions in a 110 cc, single-cylinder, four-stroke motorcycle equipped with an Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) system fueled by E100 bioethanol. An experimental approach was employed, testing five ignition angle variations achieved through ECU remapping. Performance testing utilized a dynamometer to measure power, torque, Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), and thermal efficiency, while exhaust emissions were analyzed using a gas analyzer. The results indicate that ignition angle variations significantly influence engine performance and exhaust emissions. Optimal conditions were achieved at an ignition angle of +2°, yielding a maximum power of ±9.83 hp, maximum torque of ±7.93 N·m, peak BMEP of ±923.37 kPa, lower BSFC, and peak thermal efficiency of ±54.25%. At a cruising speed of 6000 rpm, the +2° setting also demonstrated superior performance compared to the other variations. Emission tests revealed that the +4° ignition angle produced the lowest CO emissions and highest CO₂ levels, whereas the +6° angle resulted in the lowest HC emissions and lowest O₂ levels. The findings demonstrate that precise ignition angle adjustment can enhance engine performance while maintaining exhaust emission characteristics that comply with motor vehicle emission standards.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioetanol E100, ignition timing, unjuk kerja mesin, emisi gas buang, EFI, E100 bioethanol, engine performance, exhaust emissions, EFI.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ785 Internal combustion engines. Spark ignition
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Nyonik Adi Wicaksono
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 02:08
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 02:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137394

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