Pengaruh Penambahan Water Glass dan Waktu Injeksi CO₂ terhadap Sifat Pasir Cetakan dan Stabilitas Geometri Coran Aluminium 6061

Khibran, Fairuz (2026) Pengaruh Penambahan Water Glass dan Waktu Injeksi CO₂ terhadap Sifat Pasir Cetakan dan Stabilitas Geometri Coran Aluminium 6061. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses sand casting merupakan salah satu metode pengecoran logam yang banyak digunakan karena memiliki fleksibilitas tinggi, biaya produksi relatif rendah, serta mampu menghasilkan komponen dengan bentuk yang kompleks. Kualitas hasil cor sangat dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik pasir cetakan, terutama struktur, sifat mekanik, kemampuan mempertahankan stabilitas geometri, dan kualitas permukaan coran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan water glass dan proses injeksi gas CO₂ terhadap struktur, sifat mekanik pasir cetakan, stabilitas geometri, serta kualitas permukaan coran Aluminium 6061. Pasir cetakan dibuat menggunakan pasir silika dengan variasi kadar water glass sebesar 6%, 9%, dan 12%, kemudian dikeraskan melalui injeksi gas CO₂ selama 5 menit. Cetakan berbasis bentonit digunakan sebagai pembanding. Karakterisasi struktur dilakukan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) dan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), sedangkan sifat mekanik dievaluasi melalui pengujian compression strength dan shear strength. Stabilitas geometri dianalisis berdasarkan hasil pengecoran Aluminium 6061, sedangkan kualitas permukaan dievaluasi menggunakan pengujian surface roughness. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kadar water glass menghasilkan ikatan antarbutir pasir yang semakin kompak sehingga meningkatkan nilai compression strength, Young's modulus, shear strength, dan shear modulus. Analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa seluruh spesimen didominasi oleh fasa SiO₂, sedangkan hasil SEM memperlihatkan distribusi binder yang semakin merata dengan meningkatnya kadar water glass. Variasi water glass 12% menghasilkan karakteristik mekanik pasir cetakan dan stabilitas geometri coran yang paling baik. Namun, peningkatan kadar water glass juga meningkatkan kekasaran permukaan coran akibat berkurangnya kemampuan cetakan dalam meloloskan gas, sehingga variasi water glass 6% menghasilkan kualitas permukaan terbaik dengan nilai kekasaran terendah. Secara keseluruhan, penambahan water glass yang dikombinasikan dengan proses injeksi gas CO₂ terbukti mampu meningkatkan karakteristik pasir cetakan, meskipun diperlukan pemilihan kadar water glass yang tepat untuk memperoleh keseimbangan antara kekuatan cetakan, stabilitas geometri, dan kualitas permukaan coran Aluminium 6061.
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Sand casting is one of the most widely used metal casting processes due to its high flexibility, relatively low production cost, and ability to produce components with complex geometries. The quality of cast products is strongly influenced by the characteristics of the molding sand, particularly its microstructure, mechanical properties, dimensional stability, and surface quality. This study aims to investigate the effect of water glass addition and CO₂ gas injection on the microstructure, mechanical properties of molding sand, dimensional stability, and surface quality of Aluminum 6061 castings. Silica sand molds were prepared using water glass binder contents of 6%, 9%, and 12%, followed by CO₂ gas injection for 5 minutes to harden the molds. A bentonite-bonded sand mold was used as the reference. Microstructural characterization was performexpd using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while the mechanical properties were evaluated through compression strength and shear strength tests. Dimensional stability was assessed from the Aluminum 6061 casting results, whereas the surface quality was evaluated using surface roughness measurements. The results indicate that increasing the water glass content produced a more compact interparticle bonding, leading to higher compression strength, Young's modulus, shear strength, and shear modulus. XRD analysis revealed that all specimens were predominantly composed of the SiO₂ phase, while SEM observations showed a more uniform binder distribution with increasing water glass content. The mold containing 12% water glass exhibited the best mechanical characteristics and dimensional stability. However, increasing the water glass content also increased the surface roughness of the castings due to the reduced gas permeability of the mold, whereas the 6% water glass mold produced the smoothest casting surface with the lowest roughness values. Overall, the combination of water glass binder and CO₂ gas injection effectively improved the characteristics of silica sand molds, although an appropriate water glass content is required to achieve an optimum balance between mold strength, dimensional stability, and the surface quality of Aluminum 6061 castings.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aluminium 6061, Injeksi CO₂, Pasir Cetakan, Sand Casting, Water Glass, Aluminum 6061, CO₂ Injection, Molding Sand, Sand Casting, Water Glass
Subjects:	T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1151 Special molding and casting processes T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS233 Sand casting. Metal castings--Thermal properties.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Fairuz Khibran
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 02:04
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 02:04
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137453

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