Kombinasi Metode Elektrokoagulasi Menggunakan Magnesium (Mg) dan Oksidasi Lanjut Berbasis Ozon Pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu

Myrandri, Hanifah Luthfiyah (2026) Kombinasi Metode Elektrokoagulasi Menggunakan Magnesium (Mg) dan Oksidasi Lanjut Berbasis Ozon Pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Industri tahu merupakan industri pangan skala kecil hingga menengah yang menghasilkan air limbah dengan kandungan polutan organik tinggi sehingga berpotensi mencemari lingkungan apabila tidak diolah. Karakteristik awal air limbah pada penelitian ini menunjukkan pH 5,20; kekeruhan 1505 NTU; warna 85,51 Pt-Co; TSS 1164 mg/L; COD 4767 mg/L; BOD 2950 mg/L; amonia 1585,32 mg/L; dan fosfat 2466,52 mg/L, yang seluruhnya melampaui baku mutu Permen LHK No. 5 Tahun 2014. Penelitian skala laboratorium dengan sistem kontinyu ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi kuat arus dan debit pada proses elektrokoagulasi menggunakan elektroda magnesium (Mg), serta efektivitas pengolahan lanjutan dengan ozonasi. Variabel yang diuji meliputi kuat arus (5; 7,5; dan 10 Ampere), debit aliran (0,416; 0,833; dan 1,666 L/menit), serta waktu kontak ozonasi (40, 60, dan 80 menit).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kuat arus dan variasi debit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi penyisihan polutan. Kombinasi elektrokoagulasi dan ozonasi menghasilkan efisiensi penyisihan tertinggi pada TSS sebesar 97,9% (25 mg/L), COD 94,8% (250 mg/L), BOD 95% (147 mg/L), warna 97,1% (2,46 Pt-Co), kekeruhan 99% (5,40 NTU), amonia 99,6% (6,28 mg/L), serta fosfat mendekati 100% (1,15 mg/L). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi kedua teknologi mampu menurunkan konsentrasi pencemar secara efektif hingga memenuhi baku mutu pada sebagian besar parameter.
Berdasarkan analisis energi, variasi arus 5 Ampere memerlukan konsumsi energi total sebesar 23,13 kWh, sedangkan arus 10 Ampere membutuhkan 54,585 kWh. Dari aspek teknis dan ekonomi, variasi arus 7,5 Ampere dan debit 0,833 L/menit memberikan keseimbangan terbaik dengan biaya energi sekitar Rp37.000. Selama proses elektrokoagulasi, anoda magnesium mengalami pelarutan elektrokimia yang ditunjukkan oleh penurunan massa dari 474,4 gram menjadi 470,8 gram dan 469,6 gram pada kisaran tegangan 20,5–38,5 Volt. Secara keseluruhan, kombinasi elektrokoagulasi menggunakan elektroda magnesium dan ozonasi berpotensi menjadi alternatif yang efektif dan efisien untuk pengolahan air limbah industri tahu.
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The tofu industry is a small- to medium-scale food industry that produces wastewater with a high organic pollutant content, which poses a risk of environmental contamination if left untreated. The initial characteristics of the wastewater in this study were pH 5.20; turbidity 1,505 NTU; color 85.51 Pt-Co; TSS 1,164 mg/L; COD 4,767 mg/L; BOD 2,950 mg/L; ammonia 1,585.32 mg/L; and phosphate 2,466.52 mg/L, all of which exceed the quality standards of Permen LHK No. 5 Tahun 2014. This laboratory-scale study using a continuous system aimed to analyze the effects of current strength and flow rate variations in the electrocoagulation process with magnesium (Mg) electrodes, as well as the effectiveness of subsequent treatment by ozonation. Variables tested included current strengths (5, 7.5, and 10 Amperes), flow rates (0.416, 0.833, and 1.666 L/min), and ozonation contact times (40, 60, and 80 minutes).
The results showed that increasing current strength and altering flow rates significantly affected pollutant removal efficiency. The combination of electrocoagulation and ozonation achieved the highest removal efficiency for TSS at 97.9% (25 mg/L), COD 94.8% (250 mg/L), BOD 95% (147 mg/L), color 97.1% (2.46 Pt-Co), turbidity 99% (5.40 NTU), ammonia 99.6% (6.28 mg/L), and phosphate nearly 100% (1.15 mg/L). These results indicate that the combination of both technologies can effectively reduce pollutant concentrations to meet quality standards in most parameters.
Based on energy analysis, a current of 5 Amperes required a total energy consumption of 23.13 kWh, whereas 10 Amperes required 54.585 kWh. From a technical and economic perspective, a current of 7.5 Amperes and a flow rate of 0.833 L/min provided the best balance, with energy costs around Rp37,000. During electrocoagulation, the magnesium anode underwent electrochemical dissolution, as demonstrated by the reduction in mass from 474.4 grams to 470.8 grams and 469.6 grams at voltages ranging from 20.5–38.5 Volts. Overall, the combination of electrocoagulation using magnesium electrodes and ozonation has the potential to be an effective and efficient alternative for tofu industry wastewater treatment.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Elektrokoagulasi, Elektroda Magnesium, Konsumsi Energi, Limbah Cair Industri Tahu, Ozonasi, Electrocoagulation, Energy Consumption, Magnesium Electrodes, Ozonation, Tofu Wastewater
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD1 Oxidation-reduction reaction. Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD115 Electrochemical analysis T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP255 Electrochemistry, Industrial.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Hanifah Luthfiyah Myrandri
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2026 03:52
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2026 03:52
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137460

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