Desain Pabrik Metanol Biru Berkapasitas 540.000 Ton/Tahun Melalui Proses Gasifikasi Low-Rank Batubara Terpulverisasi (Pulverized Coal)

Athallah, Dhaifan and Bena, Muhammad Ezra (2026) Desain Pabrik Metanol Biru Berkapasitas 540.000 Ton/Tahun Melalui Proses Gasifikasi Low-Rank Batubara Terpulverisasi (Pulverized Coal). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Meningkatnya kebutuhan metanol di Indonesia sebagai bahan baku industri kimia, bahan bakar alternatif, dan produk petrokimia belum mampu diimbangi oleh kapasitas produksi dalam negeri sehingga Indonesia masih bergantung pada impor. Untuk mendukung program hilirisasi batu bara sekaligus menghasilkan produk dengan emisi karbon yang lebih rendah, dirancang pabrik metanol biru (blue methanol) melalui proses gasifikasi batu bara peringkat rendah (low-rank coal) dengan kapasitas produksi 550.917 ton/tahun. Batu bara peringkat rendah dipilih karena ketersediaannya yang melimpah di Indonesia serta memiliki potensi untuk dikonversi menjadi produk bernilai tambah. Proses produksi meliputi coal preparation, gasifikasi menggunakan entrained-flow gasifier, gas cleaning dan conditioning, sintesis metanol, purifikasi metanol, serta kompresi karbon dioksida. Gas sintesis dimurnikan melalui proses COS hydrolysis, desulfurisasi, water-gas shift, dan acid gas removal menggunakan larutan activated methyl diethanolamine (aMDEA), kemudian dikonversi menjadi metanol menggunakan katalis Co-Mo. Untuk menghasilkan 550.917 ton metanol/tahun diperlukan batu bara peringkat rendah sebanyak 2.452.800 ton/tahun. Selain metanol sebagai produk utama, proses ini juga menghasilkan CO₂ sebesar 2.106.783,756 ton/tahun yang dimanfaatkan untuk Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) sebagai implementasi teknologi Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS). Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi diperoleh Total Capital Investment (TCI) sebesar Rp 14.459.291.600.775,10, Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp 4.836.069.987.911, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 12,09%, dan Pay Out Time (POT) selama 7,62 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi teknis dan ekonomi tersebut, pabrik metanol biru ini dinyatakan layak untuk didirikan dan dioperasikan.
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The increasing demand for methanol in Indonesia as a feedstock for the chemical industry, alternative fuels, and petrochemical products has not been matched by domestic production capacity, resulting in continued dependence on imports. To support the national coal downstreaming program while producing a lower-carbon product, a blue methanol plant with a production capacity of 550,917 tons/year was designed using the gasification of low-rank coal. Low-rank coal was selected due to its abundant reserves in Indonesia and its potential to be converted into higher-value products. The production process consists of coal preparation, gasification using an entrained-flow gasifier, gas cleaning and conditioning, methanol synthesis, methanol purification, and carbon dioxide compression. The synthesis gas is purified through COS hydrolysis, desulfurization, water-gas shift, and acid gas removal using activated methyl diethanolamine (aMDEA) solution before being converted into methanol over a CuO/ZnO/Al₂O₃ catalyst. To produce 550,917 tons of methanol per year, approximately 2.452.800 tons of low-rank coal per year are required. In addition to methanol as the main product, the process generates 2,106,783.756 tons of CO₂ per year, which is compressed and utilized for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) as part of the implementation of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology. Economic evaluation indicates a Total Capital Investment (TCI) of Rp 14.459.291.600.775,10, a Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR Rp 4.836.069.987.911, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 12.09%, and a Pay Out Time (POT) of 7,62 years. Based on the technical and economic evaluations, the proposed blue methanol plant is considered technically feasible and economically viable for construction and operation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Metanol Biru, Gasifikasi Batubara, Sintesis Metanol, Penangkapan Karbon, Hilirisasi Batubara, Blue Methanol, Coal Gasification, Methanol Synthesis, Carbon Capture, Coal Downstreaming.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Ezra Bena
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 01:29
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 01:29
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137558

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