Optimasi Variasi Konsentrasi Hcl Dan Temperatur Pada Proses Leaching Thorium Dari Konsentrat Monazite

Dzulfiqar, Dian Azmi Farid (2026) Optimasi Variasi Konsentrasi Hcl Dan Temperatur Pada Proses Leaching Thorium Dari Konsentrat Monazite. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5011221085_Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (4MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Monazite merupakan mineral fosfat yang mengandung rare earth elements (REE) dan thorium (Th), sehingga diperlukan proses pengolahan untuk melepaskan thorium dari matriks mineral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi konsentrasi HCl dan temperatur terhadap proses leaching thorium dari konsentrat monazite. Konsentrat monazite terlebih dahulu melalui proses alkaline fusion menggunakan NaOH pada temperatur 450 °C, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan water leaching. Proses leaching dilakukan menggunakan variasi konsentrasi HCl 3, 4, dan 5 M serta variasi temperatur 70, 80, dan 90 °C, dengan rasio L/S 1:12, waktu 90 menit, dan kecepatan pengadukan 500 rpm. Karakterisasi material dilakukan menggunakan XRF, EDX, dan XRD, sedangkan konsentrasi thorium dalam filtrat dianalisis menggunakan ICP-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi HCl meningkatkan pelarutan thorium. Konsentrasi Th meningkat dari sekitar 310 ppm pada HCl 3 M menjadi sekitar 379 ppm pada 4 M dan mencapai sekitar 475 ppm pada 5 M. Variasi temperatur menunjukkan pengaruh yang tidak linear, yaitu konsentrasi Th sebesar 308,42 ppm pada 70 °C, meningkat menjadi 317,69 ppm pada 80 °C, kemudian menurun menjadi 155,88 ppm pada 90 °C. Dengan demikian, HCl 5 M memberikan hasil pelarutan tertinggi pada variasi konsentrasi, sedangkan temperatur 80 °C memberikan hasil tertinggi pada variasi temperatur. Perbandingan hasil leaching HCl 5 M pada 80 °C terhadap benchmark aqua regia sebesar 1170,77 ppm menghasilkan ekstraksi relatif sebesar 27,14%. Hasil XRD residu menunjukkan masih terdapat fasa fosfat dan fluorida yang mengandung REE dan Th, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa proses pelindian belum berlangsung secara menyeluruh terhadap seluruh fasa mineral.
======================================================================================================================================
Monazite is a phosphate mineral that contains rare earth elements (REE) and thorium (Th), so a processing step is required to separate the thorium from the mineral matrix. This study aims to analyze the effect of varying HCl concentrations and temperatures on the thorium leaching process from monazite concentrate. The monazite concentrate first undergoes an alkaline fusion process using NaOH at 450 °C, followed by water leaching. The leaching process was conducted using HCl concentrations of 3, 4, and 5 M and temperatures of 70, 80, and 90 °C, with an L/S ratio of 1:12, a duration of 90 minutes, and a stirring speed of 500 rpm. Material characterization was performed using XRF, EDX, and XRD, while the thorium concentration in the filtrate was analyzed using ICP-MS. The results showed that increasing the HCl concentration enhanced thorium dissolution. The Th concentration increased from approximately 310 ppm at 3 M HCl to about 379 ppm at 4 M and reached approximately 475 ppm at 5 M. Temperature variations showed a nonlinear effect: the Th concentration was 308.42 ppm at 70 °C, increased to 317.69 ppm at 80 °C, and then decreased to 155.88 ppm at 90 °C. Thus, 5 M HCl yielded the highest leaching results across the concentration range, while a temperature of 80 °C yielded the highest results across the temperature range. A comparison of the leaching results for 5 M HCl at 80 °C against the aqua regia benchmark of 1170.77 ppm resulted in a relative extraction rate of 27.14%. XRD analysis of the residue showed that phosphate and fluoride phases containing REE and Th were still present, indicating that the leaching process had not yet fully affected all mineral phases.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Thorium, Monazite, Leaching, Konsentrasi, Temperatur Thorium, Monazite, Leaching, Concentration, Temperature
Subjects:	T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy > TN688 Hydrometallurgy
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Dian Azmi Farid Dzulfiqar
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 02:00
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 02:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137693

Actions (login required)

View Item