Optimasi Penerapan Demulsifier Hijau Na-cmc/sls Berbasis Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Pada Industri Minyak Sawit

Alkamalia, Andini Nabila and Sari, Arda Novita (2026) Optimasi Penerapan Demulsifier Hijau Na-cmc/sls Berbasis Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Pada Industri Minyak Sawit. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Industri minyak kelapa sawit masih menghadapi permasalahan tingginya oil losses pada tahap klarifikasi Dilution Crude Oil (DCO) akibat keterbatasan proses settling konvensional yang membutuhkan waktu tinggal lama dan belum efektif dalam memisahkan emulsi oil water–sludge. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimasi penggunaan demulsifier hijau berbasis sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) dan sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) yang disintesis dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) untuk meningkatkan Oil Extraction Rate (OER).Optimasi dilakukan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan rancangan Central Composite Design (CCD) melalui variasi konsentrasi SLS 0–1 g/L, konsentrasi Na-CMC 0–1 g/L, dan waktu penambahan Na-CMC 15–90 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi eksperimen terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi SLS dan Na-CMC masing masing sebesar 1 g/L dengan waktu penambahan 15 menit, yang menghasilkan OER sebesar 78,33%. Berdasarkan pemodelan RSM, kondisi optimum diprediksi pada konsentrasi SLS 0,974 g/L, Na-CMC 0,455 g/L, dan waktu penambahan 15 menit dengan OER sebesar 80,421% serta desirability 1,000. Model quadratic terpilih sebagai model terbaik dengan F-value 15,30, p-value <0,0001, R² 0,9260, adjusted R² 0,8655, dan predicted R² 0,6123. Hasil validasi menghasilkan OER aktual sebesar 81,25% dengan galat relatif 1,03%, sehingga model mampu memprediksi kondisi optimum secara baik. Demulsifier sintesis juga menunjukkan kinerja lebih tinggi dibandingkan demulsifier komersial, dengan rentang OER masing-masing 44,44 78,33% dan 23,61–62,50%. Selain meningkatkan perolehan minyak, penggunaan kedua demulsifier tersebut tetap menghasilkan mutu minyak yang memenuhi SNI 01-2901-2006 berdasarkan parameter Free Fatty Acid (FFA), moisture content, dan dirt content. Dengan demikian, penerapan Na-CMC/SLS berbasis TKKS berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi hingga 81,25% pemisahan minyak sekaligus mendukung proses klarifikasi yang lebih ramah lingkungan.
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The palm oil industry continues to face high oil losses during the Dilution Crude Oil (DCO) clarification process due to the limited effectiveness of conventional settling methods in separating oil–water–sludge emulsions. This study aimed to optimize the application of green demulsifiers based on sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) and sodium lignosulfonate (SLS), synthesized from empty palm fruit bunches (EPFB), to improve the Oil Extraction Rate (OER). Optimization was conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Central Composite Design (CCD) by varying SLS concentration (0–1 g/L), Na-CMC concentration (0–1 g/L), and Na-CMC addition time (15–90 min). The best experimental condition was obtained at SLS and Na-CMC concentrations of 1 g/L each with an addition time of 15 min, resulting in an OER of 78.33%. RSM predicted optimum conditions at an SLS concentration of 0.974 g/L, a Na-CMC concentration of 0.455 g/L, and an addition time of 15 min, yielding a predicted OER of 80.421% with a desirability value of 1.000. The quadratic model was selected as the best model with an F-value of 15.30, p-value <0.0001, R² of 0.9260, adjusted R² of 0.8655, and predicted R² of 0.6123. Validation experiments produced an actual OER of 81.25% with a relative error of 1.03%, confirming the reliability of the model. Moreover, the synthesized demulsifiers outperformed commercial products while maintaining oil quality within SNI 01-2901-2006 standards. Therefore, EPFB-based Na-CMC/SLS demonstrates strong potential as an environmentally friendly demulsifier capable of increasing oil recovery efficiency up to 81.25% and supporting a more sustainable palm oil clarification
process.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biopolimer, Demulsifier, Emulsi Biopolymer, Demulsifier, Emulsion.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP159.M4 Membranes (Technology) T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359 Biogas
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering
Depositing User:	Andini Nabila Alkamalia
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 03:11
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 03:12
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137835

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