Desain Pabrik Metanol dari Gas Buang PLTU Batu Bara dan Elektrolisis Air

Putra, Edgar Dimas Syah and Habibi, Rifqi Azaria (2026) Desain Pabrik Metanol dari Gas Buang PLTU Batu Bara dan Elektrolisis Air. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kewajiban penurunan emisi karbon pada sektor pembangkit listrik nasional serta meningkatnya kebutuhan metanol domestik Indonesia melatarbelakangi perancangan pabrik metanol berkapasitas target 50.000 ton/tahun (setara ±4,07% dari proyeksi kebutuhan metanol nasional tahun 2030 sebesar 1.227.415 ton/tahun) di Probolinggo, Jawa Timur, berdampingan dengan PLTU Paiton Unit 7 sebagai sumber bahan baku. CO₂ diperoleh dari flue gas PLTU, ditangkap melalui unit Carbon Capture berbasis pelarut MDEA-PZ dengan efisiensi hingga 99,85%, terintegrasi dengan unit elektrolisis air yang memanfaatkan excess power PLTU sebesar 90 MW yang tidak dapat disimpan dalam skala besar dan selama ini terbuang. Energi ini kemudian dijadikan energi untuk memproduksi hidrogen sebagai reaktan sintesis metanol. Perancangan mencakup neraca massa dan energi, P&ID, HAZOP, serta analisis kelayakan ekonomi (masa konstruksi 2 tahun, umur operasi 20 tahun). Dengan target kemurnian 99,85%, hasil rancangan mencapai produksi 51.731 ton/tahun pada kemurnian 99,87%, melampaui target. Evaluasi finansial menunjukkan kelayakan marjinal: IRR 19,11% > WACC 8,2%, NPV positif Rp2.058.665.614.287, CAPEX (TCI) Rp1.960.402.703.774, OPEX Rp1.051.116.535.393/tahun, dan Pay Out Time 11 tahun. Kelayakan proyek sangat sensitif terhadap harga jual produk dan dukungan kebijakan pemerintah, khususnya insentif penangkapan CO₂ dan produksi hidrogen.
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Indonesia's obligation to cut carbon emissions in its power generation sector, combined with rising domestic methanol demand, motivates the design of a methanol plant with a target capacity of 50,000 tons/year (≈4.07% of Indonesia's projected 2030 national methanol shortfall of 1,227,415 tons/year) in Probolinggo, East Java, adjacent to the Paiton Unit 7 coal-fired power plant (PLTU) as feedstock source. CO₂ is sourced from PLTU flue gas, captured via an MDEAPZ-based Carbon Capture unit with up to 99.85% efficiency, integrated with a water electrolysis unit using 90 MW of the plant's excess power, a non-dispatchable surplus that cannot be stored at scale and would otherwise be curtailed to produce hydrogen for methanol synthesis. The design covers mass and energy balances, P&ID, HAZOP, and economic feasibility analysis (2- year construction, 20-year operating life). Against a 99.85% purity target, the design achieves 51,731 tons/year at 99.87% purity, exceeding target. Financial evaluation shows marginal feasibility: IRR 19,11% > WACC 8.2%, positive NPV of Rp2.058.665.614.287, CAPEX (TCI) of Rp1,960,402,703,774, OPEX of Rp1,051,116,535,393/year, and a Pay Out Time of 11 years. Feasibility is highly sensitive to product selling price and government policy support, particularly CO₂ capture and hydrogen production incentives.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Elektrolisis air, Carbon Capture, Carbon Reduction, Methanol, Water Electrolyzer, Carbon Capture, Carbon Reduction, Methanol
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD553 Electrochemistry. Electrolysis T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD899 Waste control in special industries, plants, processes, etc T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Edgar Dimas Syah Putra
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 08:27
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 08:27
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137910

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