Nanokonjugat Turmerone–AgNP Hasil Green Synthesis Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Dewa (Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC.) sebagai Agen Sono-Fotodinamik Antibakteri Escherichia coli

Angelio, Nadya Salsabella (2026) Nanokonjugat Turmerone–AgNP Hasil Green Synthesis Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Dewa (Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC.) sebagai Agen Sono-Fotodinamik Antibakteri Escherichia coli. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Resistensi antibiotik pada bakteri Escherichia coli mendorong pengembangan alternatif agen antibakteri berbasis nanomaterial dan terapi aktivasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis nanokonjugat turmerone–nanopartikel perak (T-AgNP) melalui green synthesis menggunakan ekstrak daun dewa (Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC.) sebagai bioreduktor, mengkarakterisasi sifat material yang dihasilkan, serta mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap E. coli sebelum dan sesudah aktivasi Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT), dan kombinasi keduanya (SPDT). AgNP dikarakterisasi menggunakan FESEM-EDX, PSA, XRD, FTIR, dan UV-Vis, sedangkan turmerone dan T-AgNP dikarakterisasi menggunakan PSA, FTIR, dan UV-Vis. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji menggunakan metode difusi cakram berdasarkan diameter zona hambat. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa proses konjugasi memengaruhi karakteristik fisikokimia T-AgNP yang ditandai dengan ukuran partikel dominan sebesar 91,18 nm, distribusi ukuran yang relatif homogen (PDI 0,2674), pergeseran beberapa pita serapan FTIR yang mengindikasikan interaksi antara turmerone dan AgNP, serta pergeseran puncak serapan UV-Vis dari 460 nm menjadi 448–450 nm disertai nilai optical band gap sebesar 2,16–2,18 eV. Pada kondisi tanpa aktivasi, T-AgNP 2000–1000 ppm menghasilkan aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 4,8 mm. Aktivasi SDT memberikan peningkatan aktivitas antibakteri paling besar dibandingkan PDT maupun SPDT. Diameter zona hambat tertinggi diperoleh pada T-AgNP setelah aktivasi SDT sebesar 15,8 mm, sedangkan aktivasi SPDT menghasilkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 12,6 mm dan PDT sebesar 5,9 mm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konjugasi turmerone pada AgNP yang disintesis melalui green synthesis berhasil menghasilkan nanokonjugat dengan karakteristik optik dan gugus fungsi yang mendukung proses konjugasi serta mampu meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli, terutama setelah aktivasi SDT.
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The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli has encouraged the development of alternative antibacterial agents based on nanomaterials and activation-assisted therapies. This study aimed to synthesize a turmerone–silver nanoparticle nanoconjugate (T-AgNP) via green synthesis using Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC. leaf extract as a bioreducing agent, characterize its physicochemical properties, and evaluate its antibacterial activity against E. coli before and after activation by Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT), and their combination, Sono-Photodynamic Therapy (SPDT). AgNPs were characterized using FESEM-EDX, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Visible spectroscopy, whereas turmerone and T-AgNP were characterized using PSA, FTIR, and UV–Visible spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method based on the inhibition zone diameter. The characterization results showed that the conjugation process altered the physicochemical properties of T-AgNP, as indicated by a dominant particle size of 91.18 nm, a relatively homogeneous particle size distribution (PDI = 0.2674), shifts in several FTIR absorption bands indicating interactions between turmerone and AgNP, and a blue shift of the UV–Visible absorption peak from 460 nm to 448–450 nm with an optical band gap of 2.16–2.18 eV. Without activation, T-AgNP at a concentration of 2000–1000 ppm exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, producing an inhibition zone diameter of 4.8 mm. Among the activation methods, SDT produced the greatest enhancement of antibacterial activity compared with PDT and SPDT. The largest inhibition zone was obtained for T-AgNP following SDT activation (15.8 mm), whereas SPDT and PDT produced inhibition zones of 12.6 mm and 5.9 mm, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the green synthesis-based conjugation of turmerone onto AgNP successfully produced a nanoconjugate with optical and functional group characteristics supporting successful conjugation and enhanced antibacterial activity against E. coli, particularly following SDT activation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Antibakteri, Escherichia coli, Green Synthesis, Nanopartikel Perak, Photodynamic Therapy, Sonodynamic Therapy, Turmerone, Antibacterial, Escherichia coli, Green Synthesis, Photodynamic Therapy, Silver Nanoparticles, Sonodynamic Therapy, Turmerone.
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC451 Spectroscopy Q Science > QC Physics > QC457 Infrared technology. Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD716 Photocatalysis.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nadya Salsabella Angelio
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 06:57
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 06:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138051

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