Pengaruh Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kandungan Fenolik Total Pada Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Secara In Vitro

Santoso, Riyan Yuliadi (2026) Pengaruh Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kandungan Fenolik Total Pada Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Secara In Vitro. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Tanaman nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) merupakan penghasil minyak atsiri bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang juga kaya akan senyawa fenolik. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai elisitor untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan biosintesis metabolit sekunder pada kultur in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi TiO₂ NPs terhadap organogenesis, kalogenesis, pertumbuhan, kandungan fenolik total, kandungan pigmen fotosintetik, serta respon multivariat planlet nilam. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima taraf konsentrasi TiO₂ NPs (0, 5, 10, 25, dan 50 ppm) pada media MS yang mengandung BAP 0,5 ppm. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 50 hari, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan One-Way ANOVA dan uji Duncan pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh perlakuan menghasilkan organogenesis sebesar 100%. Kalogenesis mencapai 100% pada konsentrasi 0, 5, dan 25 ppm, menurun menjadi 71% pada 10 ppm, serta tidak terbentuk pada 50 ppm. Pertumbuhan vegetatif menunjukkan respon yang berbeda pada setiap parameter, dengan konsentrasi 50 ppm menghasilkan proliferasi organ vegetatif tertinggi, sedangkan luas daun terbesar diperoleh pada konsentrasi 10-25 ppm. Kandungan fenolik total tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi 5 ppm sebesar 51,696 mg GAE/g ekstrak atau meningkat 227,1% dibandingkan kontrol. Kandungan pigmen fotosintetik meningkat pada konsentrasi 5-25 ppm, dengan kadar klorofil a dan klorofil total tertinggi pada 10 ppm, klorofil b pada 25 ppm, dan karotenoid pada 5 ppm. Analisis heatmap menunjukkan bahwa respon planlet terhadap TiO₂ NPs bersifat dose-dependent namun tidak linear, dengan konsentrasi 10-25 ppm menghasilkan profil metabolit dan pigmen terbaik, sedangkan konsentrasi 5 ppm paling efektif meningkatkan kalogenesis dan kandungan fenolik total.
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Pogostemon cablin Benth. is an economically important essential oil crop that also contains phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) have been widely studied as elisitors to enhance plant growth and secondary metabolite production under in vitro conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different TiO₂ NP concentrations on organogenesis, callogenesis, vegetative growth, total phenolic content, photosynthetic pigments, and the multivariate respone of P. cablin plantlets. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed using five TiO₂ NP concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, and 50 ppm) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 ppm 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Plantlets were cultured for 50 days, and the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that organogenesis reached 100% in all treatments. Callogenesis reached 100% at 0, 5, and 25 ppm, decreased to 71% at 10 ppm, and was completely inhibited at 50 ppm. Vegetative growth exhibited different respones among parameters, with 50 ppm promoting the highest vegetative proliferation, while the largest leaf area was observed at 10-25 ppm. The highest total phenolic content was obtained at 5 ppm (51.696 mg GAE g⁻¹ extract), representing a 227.1% increase compared with the control. Photosynthetic pigments increased at 5-25 ppm, with the highest chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll at 10 ppm, chlorophyll b at 25 ppm, and carotenoids at 5 ppm. Heatmap and hierarchical clustering analyses revealed a dose-dependent but non-linear respone, with 10-25 ppm producing the most favorable metabolic and pigment profiles, whereas 5 ppm was the most effective concentration for enhancing callogenesis and total phenolic content.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pogostemon cablin, kultur in vitro, TiO₂ nanopartikel, kalogenesis, fenolik total.
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB409.58 Plant propagation. Including in vitro propagation
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Riyan Yuliadi Santoso
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2026 01:53
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2026 01:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138146

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