Optimalisasi Sistem Pengangkutan Sampah di Kota Madiun

Amalia, Khalishah (2026) Optimalisasi Sistem Pengangkutan Sampah di Kota Madiun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pengangkutan sampah merupakan subsistem kritis dalam pengelolaan sampah perkotaan. Kota Madiun (200.653 jiwa, 33,23 km²) menghasilkan timbulan Sampah Rumah Tangga (SRT) sebesar 48.337.307,7 kg/tahun (132.430,98 kg/hari) pada tahun 2025, dengan laju timbulan 0,66 kg/orang/hari. Dari total sampah yang masuk ke TPA Winongo sebesar 42.251.737 kg/tahun, tingkat pelayanan SRT oleh Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) baru mencapai 75,84%, sehingga terdapat defisit pelayanan sebesar 24,16%. Kondisi ini terjadi di tengah TPA Winongo yang telah terisi 70% dari kapasitas totalnya 768.000 m³, sehingga efisiensi sistem pengangkutan menjadi sangat mendesak untuk ditingkatkan guna mencapai pelayanan SRT 100% pada tahun 2029.
Penelitian dilakukan di tiga kecamatan Kota Madiun pada Februari–Juni 2026, mencakup pengamatan (routing) terhadap 4 unit truk arm roll (sistem HCS) dan 3 unit dump truck (sistem SCS) dari total armada DLH yang terdiri dari 14 arm roll dan 3 dump truck. Data primer dikumpulkan minimal 3 kali routing per armada, meliputi rute, jarak tempuh, waktu siklus, kecepatan, dan waktu off route. Skema optimasi dirancang berdasarkan target pelayanan SRT 100% sesuai RPJMD Kota Madiun 2025–2029, dengan proyeksi timbulan SRT tahun 2029 sebesar 48.104.538,7 kg/tahun. Emisi CO₂ dihitung menggunakan metode IPCC Tier 2. Evaluasi kondisi eksisting menunjukkan arm roll melakukan rata-rata 3 rit/hari (waktu ritasi 3,67–5,01 jam/rit) dengan faktor off route aktual 0,52, jauh melampaui batas ideal 0,15, sementara dump truck rata-rata hanya 1 rit/hari (3,05–4,63 jam/rit). Sisa sampah setelah reduksi di sumber (4,88%) dan reduksi TPS3R (rata-rata 5,24%) yang harus diangkut tahun 2029 adalah 131.793,26 kg/hari (374,09 m³/hari). Skema optimasi menghasilkan penambahan 14 kontainer arm roll sehingga total kontainer meningkat dari 55 menjadi 69 unit, dengan total ritasi arm roll mencapai 69 rit/hari, sedangkan sisa sampah sebesar 6.725,15 kg/hari (19,09 m³/hari) dilayani oleh dump truck. Optimasi ini, dikombinasikan dengan peremajaan 2 unit armada, mengangkat tingkat pelayanan SRT dari 75,84% menjadi 100%, sekaligus menurunkan emisi CO₂ per satuan massa sampah terangkut meskipun emisi absolut meningkat seiring bertambahnya ritasi.
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Solid waste transportation is a critical subsystem of urban waste management. Madiun City (200,653 residents, 33.23 km²) generated 48,337,307.7 kg/year (132,430.98 kg/day) of Household Solid Waste (SRT) in 2025, at a generation rate of 0.66 kg/capita/day. Of the total waste entering TPA Winongo (42,251,737 kg/year), the SRT transportation service level managed by DLH reached only 75.84%, representing a service deficit of 24.16%. This occurs as TPA Winongo has already reached 70% of its 768,000 m³ capacity, making improvements to the transportation system critically urgent to achieve 100% SRT service coverage by 2029. The study was conducted across three sub-districts of Madiun City from February to June 2026, observing 4 arm roll trucks (HCS) and 3 dump trucks (SCS) from DLH's total fleet of 14 arm rolls and 3 dump trucks. Primary data were collected through at least 3 routing observations per vehicle, covering routes, travel distances, cycle times, speed, and off-route time. The optimization scheme was designed to achieve 100% SRT service coverage in line with the Madiun City RPJMD 2025–2029, with projected SRT generation in 2029 of 48.104.538,7 kg/year. CO₂ emissions were calculated using the IPCC Tier 2 methodology. Evaluation of existing conditions revealed that arm roll trucks averaged 3 trips/day (cycle time 3.67–5.01 hours/trip) with an actual off-route factor of 0.52, far exceeding the ideal limit of 0.15, while dump trucks averaged only 1 trip/day (3.05–4.63 hours/trip). Residual waste after source reduction (4.88%) and TPS3R reduction (average 5.24%) requiring transportation in 2029 amounts to 131,793.26 kg/day (374.09 m³/day). The optimization scheme results in 14 additional arm roll containers, increasing total containers from 55 to 69 units with total arm roll trips reaching 69 trips/day, while a residual of 6,725.15 kg/day (19.09 m³/day) is served by dump trucks. This optimization, combined with the renewal of 2 fleet units, raises the SRT service level from 75.84% to 100%, while also reducing CO₂ emissions per unit mass of waste transported despite increased absolute emissions from additional trips.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pengangkutan Sampah, Optimasi Ritasi, Tingkat Pelayanan, Emisi GRK, Kota Madiun, Solid Waste Transportation, Trip Optimization, Service Level, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Madiun City
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD789 Refuse and refuse disposal
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Khalishah Amalia
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2026 01:50
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2026 01:50
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138158

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