Abisha, Samuel (2025) Laporan Magang Industri Analisis Performance Test PLTU Ampana Berdasarkan Standar ASME PTC 4 2013 Terhadap Nilai Turbin Heat Rate Dan Net Plant Heat Rate. Project Report. [s.n]. (Unpublished)
![[thumbnail of 2039221012_Project_Report.pdf]](http://repository.its.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text
2039221012_Project_Report.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (8MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
Energi listrik merupakan kebutuhan pokok dalam menunjang kehidupan masyarakat dan industri di Indonesia, sehingga PLTU berbasis batu bara masih menjadi tulang punggung sistem kelistrikan nasional. Efisiensi boiler menjadi parameter penting dalam menilai kinerja termal pembangkit, karena semakin tinggi efisiensinya, semakin kecil konsumsi bahan bakar dan biaya operasional yang dikeluarkan. Salah satu standar pengujian yang umum digunakan adalah ASME PTC 4-2013 Fired Steam Generator.Kegiatan magang industri dilaksanakan di Divisi Engineering Performance, PT PLN Nusantara Power Services, dengan fokus analisis Performance Test efisiensi boiler pada PLTU Ampana Unit 2 (2 × 3 MW) di Sulawesi Tengah. Analisis bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh Turbine Heat Rate (THR) dan Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) terhadap efisiensi boiler serta mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab inefisiensi dibandingkan kondisi commissioning.Metode yang digunakan meliputi perhitungan efisiensi boiler dengan metode langsung (Direct) dan tidak langsung (Energy Balance), perhitungan NPHR dari data spesifikasi batu bara dan logsheet, serta penelusuran penyebab penurunan performa melalui Heat Rate Loss Matrix pada beban 50%.Hasil analisis menunjukkan NPHR Heat Loss sebesar 5.881,67 kCal/kWh, lebih tinggi dari kondisi commissioning (4.668,97 kCal/kWh). Efisiensi boiler metode Energy Balance diperoleh 79,96%, sedikit menurun dari 82,63% saat commissioning, sedangkan metode Direct menghasilkan 80,09%. NPHR Input-Output tercatat 10.841,36 kCal/kWh, dengan potensi heat rate yang dapat dipulihkan sebesar 1.015,63 kCal/kWh. Penurunan efisiensi disebabkan oleh slagging, pembakaran tidak sempurna, penurunan tekanan uap utama, kenaikan konsumsi daya bantu, penurunan suhu feedwater, perubahan kandungan batu bara, dan indikasi kebocoran katup main steam.Disimpulkan bahwa kinerja termal PLTU Ampana Unit 2 mengalami penurunan efisiensi dibandingkan kondisi awal, akibat kombinasi faktor pembakaran, kualitas bahan bakar, dan kondisi peralatan pendukung boiler. Hasil ini diharapkan menjadi acuan teknis bagi perusahaan untuk peningkatan efisiensi dan keandalan sistem pembangkitan.
================================================================================================================================
Electricity is a basic need that supports people's daily lives and industrial growth in Indonesia, and coal-fired power plants (PLTU) still serve as the backbone of the national electricity system. Boiler efficiency is an important factor in evaluating a power plant's thermal performance, since higher efficiency means lower fuel consumption and lower operating costs. One of the standards commonly used for testing this efficiency is ASME PTC 4-2013, Fired Steam Generator.This internship was carried out at the Engineering Performance Division, PT PLN Nusantara Power Services, focusing on a boiler efficiency Performance Test analysis at PLTU Ampana Unit 2 (2 × 3 MW) in Central Sulawesi. The analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of Turbine Heat Rate (THR) and Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) on boiler efficiency, and to identify the factors causing inefficiency compared to the plant's commissioning condition.The methods used include calculating boiler efficiency using the Direct Method and the Energy Balance (indirect) Method, calculating NPHR based on coal specification data and operational logsheets, and tracing the causes of performance decline using a Heat Rate Loss Matrix at 50% load.The results show an NPHR Heat Loss of 5,881.67 kCal/kWh, higher than the commissioning value of 4,668.97 kCal/kWh. Boiler efficiency using the Energy Balance method was 79.96%, slightly lower than the commissioning value of 82.63%, while the Direct method gave 80.09%. The Input-Output NPHR was recorded at 10,841.36 kCal/kWh, with a recoverable heat rate potential of 1,015.63 kCal/kWh. The decline in efficiency was caused by slagging, incomplete combustion, a drop in main steam pressure, higher auxiliary power consumption, a lower final feedwater temperature, changes in coal quality, and an indication of a valve leak before the main steam valve.It can be concluded that the thermal performance of PLTU Ampana Unit 2 has declined compared to its initial commissioning condition, due to a combination of combustion-related factors, fuel quality, and the condition of supporting boiler equipment. These findings are expected to serve as a technical reference for the company in improving the efficiency and reliability of its power generation system in the future.
| Item Type: | Monograph (Project Report) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | efisiensi boiler, Performance Test, Heat Rate, ASME PTC 4-2013, efisiensi boiler, Performance Test, Heat Rate, ASME PTC 4-2013 |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4) |
| Depositing User: | samuel abisha |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jul 2026 02:57 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jul 2026 02:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138245 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |