Tekno Ekonomi Hibridisasi Pltd-Plts Dan Ekspansi Plts:Studi Kasus Sistem Pulau Tomia

Sebayang, Romi Adi Sanjaya (2026) Tekno Ekonomi Hibridisasi Pltd-Plts Dan Ekspansi Plts:Studi Kasus Sistem Pulau Tomia. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pulau Tomia merupakan salah satu sistem kelistrikan terisolasi (isolated system) di Kabupaten Wakatobi yang masih mengandalkan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Diesel (PLTD) sebagai sumber utama pasokan listrik. Ketergantungan terhadap PLTD menyebabkan tingginya biaya pokok penyediaan listrik, konsumsi bahan bakar minyak yang besar, serta emisi gas rumah kaca yang berdampak pada aspek ekonomi dan lingkungan. Di sisi lain, Pulau Tomia memiliki potensi energi surya yang cukup tinggi sehingga berpeluang dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi terbarukan melalui pengembangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kapasitas maksimum PLTS yang dapat dikembangkan berdasarkan ketersediaan lahan, menentukan konfigurasi sistem hibrid PLTS–PLTD yang optimal, serta menganalisis kelayakan ekonomi pengembangan sistem tersebut pada sistem kelistrikan Pulau Tomia. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui pengumpulan data sistem kelistrikan eksisting, analisis potensi energi surya menggunakan data Nasa Power (https://power.larc.nasa.gov/data-access-viewer/), identifikasi ketersediaan lahan, serta pemodelan dan simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP). Beberapa skenario pengembangan dianalisis untuk memperoleh konfigurasi sistem yang paling optimal berdasarkan aspek teknis dan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi sistem energi yang optimal untuk Pulau Tomia terdiri atas PLTS berkapasitas 2,5 MWp, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) sebesar 4 MWh, dan PLTD eksisting berkapasitas 4,1 MW sebagai pembangkit Cadangan dengan lahan 2.2 Ha. Hasil simulasi LEAP menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi tersebut mampu mencapai Renewable Fraction sebesar 45%, menurunkan konsumsi BBM dari 2.580 KL/tahun menjadi 1.420 KL/tahun, serta mengurangi emisi CO₂ dari 6.914 ton/tahun menjadi 3.803 ton/tahun. Sistem ini juga meningkatkan keandalan pasokan listrik melalui mekanisme penyimpanan energi (energy shifting) dan layak secara ekonomi dengan nilai NPC sebesar Rp648,5 miliar, LCOE sebesar Rp3.383/kWh, serta Payback Period selama 3,23 tahun. Oleh karena itu, sistem hybrid PLTS–BESS–PLTD menjadi solusi yang efektif dan berkelanjutan untuk mendukung transisi energi serta program dedieselisasi di Pulau Tomia.
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Tomia Island is one of the isolated power systems in Wakatobi Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, which remains heavily dependent on Diesel Power Plants (DPPs) as the primary source of electricity generation. This dependence results in high electricity generation costs, significant diesel fuel consumption, and substantial greenhouse gas emissions, thereby posing economic and environmental challenges. Meanwhile, Tomia Island possesses considerable solar energy potential that can be utilized through the development of Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants (SPPs) to support a cleaner and more sustainable electricity supply. This study aims to determine the maximum feasible installed capacity of solar photovoltaic systems based on land availability, identify the most optimal configuration of a hybrid SPP–DPP system, and evaluate the economic feasibility of the proposed hybridization scenario for the Tomia Island power system. The research methodology involved collecting operational data from the existing power system, assessing solar energy potential using Nasa Power (https://power.larc.nasa.gov/data-access-viewer/), identifying suitable land areas for photovoltaic deployment, and conducting energy system modeling and simulation using the Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP). Several development scenarios were evaluated to determine the optimal system configuration based on technical and economic considerations. The results show that the optimal energy configuration for Tomia Island consists of a 2.5 MWp photovoltaic (PV) system integrated with a 4 MWh Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and the existing 4.1 MW diesel power plant with a land area of 2.2 hectares. LEAP simulations indicate that this configuration achieves a Renewable Fraction of 45%, reducing diesel fuel consumption from 2,580 kL/year to 1,420 kL/year and lowering CO₂ emissions from 6,914 tons/year to 3,803 tons/year. The system improves supply reliability through energy shifting capabilities and demonstrates strong economic feasibility, with an NPC of Rp648.5 billion, an LCOE of Rp3,383/kWh, and a payback period of 3.23 years. Therefore, the proposed PV–BESS–diesel hybrid system represents a sustainable and cost-effective solution for supporting energy transition and diesel reduction on Tomia Island.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	PLTD, PLTS, hibridisasi, LEAP, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), energi terbarukan, Pulau Tomia. Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant (SPP), Diesel Power Plant (DPP), Hybrid Power System, LEAP, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), Renewable Energy, Tomia Island
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > Q Science (General) > Q325.5 Machine learning. Support vector machines.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Romi Adi Sanjaya Sebayang
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2026 07:03
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2026 07:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138252

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