Dharmapraja, Nikolas Abie (2026) Evaluasi Efektivitas Sistem Cakar Ayam Modifikasi (CAM) Sebagai Alternatif Penanganan Beda Penurunan Tanah Pada Lapisan Tanah Lunak (Studi Kasus: STA 45+626 Proyek Tol Probowangi). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pembangunan Jalan Tol Probolinggo-Banyuwangi (Probowangi) pada area Interchange Besuki memiliki kondisi lapisan tanah lunak setebal 15 meter. Kondisi tanah ini berisiko tinggi menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan tidak seragam (differential settlement). Fenomena tersebut dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan struktural seperti retak-retak dan permukaan jalan bergelombang, yang pada akhirnya mengurangi kenyamanan dan membahayakan keselamatan pengguna jalan. Lokasi studi kasus ini berada di STA 45+626, yang merupakan bagian dari paket 3 proyek tol tersebut. Penanganan awal dengan metode bored pile dan mini pile dibatalkan karena kendala
waktu dan ketersediaan sumber daya. Solusi yang kemudian disetujui untuk digunakan adalah Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD), meskipun efektivitasnya pada kondisi tanah di lokasi sempat diragukan. Penelitian ini mengangkat celah permasalahan tersebut dengan mengajukan sistem Cakar Ayam Modifikasi (CAM) sebagai alternatif penanganan beda penurunan. Dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi secara kuantitatif kinerja sistem CAM dibandingkan dengan PVD dan rigid konvensional. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan PLAXIS 2D untuk membandingkan tiga sistem, yaitu rigid konvensional, PVD dengan rigid, dan sistem CAM. Tiap sistem dievaluasi terhadap kriteria beda penurunan L/300 berdasarkan SNI 8460:2017, penurunan total, waktu pelaksanaan, dan biaya material. Hasilnya, rigid konvensional tidak memenuhi kriteria L/300 dengan beda penurunan maksimum 13,21 mm, sedangkan PVD dan CAM memenuhi kriteria di seluruh segmen. Sistem CAM mampu mengendalikan beda penurunan hingga 7,98 mm, tetapi tidak mengurangi penurunan total yang mencapai 1,02 m pada zona 2 dengan tinggi timbunan 5 meter. Sebaliknya, PVD memenuhi seluruh persyaratan penurunan karena penurunan diselesaikan lebih dulu melalui preloading, meskipun memerlukan masa tunggu sekitar 6 bulan. Dari sisi biaya material, CAM memerlukan Rp7.661.546.779,31, PVD dengan rigid Rp9.227.792.763,44, dan rigid konvensional Rp5.322.487.500,00. Berdasarkan hasil
tersebut, PVD dengan rigid merupakan metode yang paling sesuai karena memenuhi seluruh persyaratan penurunan. Sistem CAM dapat menjadi alternatif apabila pemilik proyek
menyetujui penurunan total yang terjadi dan pelaksanaan dituntut lebih cepat.
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The construction of the Probolinggo–Banyuwangi (Probowangi) Toll Road at the Besuki Interchange area faces a 15 meter thick soft soil layer. This soil condition carries a high risk of causing differential settlement, which may lead to structural damage such as cracking and an uneven road surface, ultimately reducing comfort and endangering the safety of road users. This case study is located at STA 45+626, part of package 3 of the toll road project.
The initial treatment using bored piles and mini piles was cancelled due to time constraints and limited resource availability. The solution that was then approved was the Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD), although its effectiveness on the soil conditions at the site was questioned. This study addresses that gap by proposing the Modified Cakar Ayam system (CAM). Its main objective is to quantitatively assess whether the CAM system can serve as a more effective solution than the currently used PVD method.
The analysis was carried out using PLAXIS 2D to compare three systems, namely conventional rigid pavement, PVD with rigid pavement, and the CAM system. The performance of each system was evaluated against the L/300 differential settlement criterion and material cost. The results show that the conventional rigid pavement did not meet the L/300 criterion, with a maximum differential settlement of 13.21 mm, whereas both PVD and CAM met the criterion across all segments. The CAM system limited differential settlement to 7.98 mm despite using a thinner slab (0.2 m); however, its total settlement reached about 1 m, so its application requires the project owner's approval. In terms of time, CAM can be constructed together with the road, while PVD requires a waiting period of about 6 months. In terms of cost, CAM requires Rp7.661.546.779,31, PVD with rigid pavement Rp9.227.792.763,44, and rigid pavement Rp5.322.487.500,00. Based on these results, PVD with rigid pavement is the most suitable method as it fulfills all settlement requirements. The CAM system can serve as an alternative if the project owner approves the resulting total settlement and if faster construction is required.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Tanah Lunak, Beda Penurunan, Cakar Ayam Modifikasi (CAM), Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) Soft Soil, Differential Settlement, Modified Chicken Claw Foundation (CAM), Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA455.S6 Soil (Materials of engineering and construction) T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA749 Soil stabilization T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA775 Foundations. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Nikolas Abie Dharmapraja |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2026 07:58 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2026 07:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138480 |
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