Analisis Komparatif Efisiensi dan Keamanan Antara ECDH P-256/AES-GCM Dan X25519/ChaCha20-Poly1305 Pada Pesan Teks

Abdurrahman, Aziz (2026) Analisis Komparatif Efisiensi dan Keamanan Antara ECDH P-256/AES-GCM Dan X25519/ChaCha20-Poly1305 Pada Pesan Teks. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kriptografi hibrida merupakan standar keamanan penting dalam komunikasi data saat ini karena mengintegrasikan efisiensi algoritma simetris dengan kemampuan distribusi kunci algoritma asimetris. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis perbandingan antara skema hibrida standar NIST (ECDH P-256 + AES-GCM) dan skema hibrida modern (X25519 + ChaCha20-Poly1305) untuk mengevaluasi efisiensi komputasi serta kekuatan keamanan dalam pengolahan pesan teks. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui simulasi berbasis Python dengan variasi ukuran data dari 1 KB hingga 10 MB pada format TXT dan DOCX. Parameter efisiensi mencakup waktu enkripsi/dekripsi, throughput, dan penggunaan memori yang diukur melalui 50 iterasi untuk setiap kombinasi, kemudian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney U atau uji t sesuai hasil normalitas. Validasi keamanan dilakukan melalui pengujian avalanche effect menggunakan teknik pembalikan bit pada kunci sesi serta simulasi serangan brute force dengan skenario Partial Key Exposure pada variasi 8-bit hingga 28-bit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa arah keunggulan efisiensi bergantung pada lingkungan dan format data. Pada lingkungan yang mendukung akselerasi perangkat keras AES-NI (AMD Ryzen 5 5600H), skema NIST lebih cepat pada data TXT berukuran besar dengan throughput tertinggi mencapai 2287,34 MB/s dibanding 1805,74 MB/s pada skema Modern, namun skema Modern justru lebih cepat pada seluruh data berformat DOCX. Pada lingkungan tanpa AES-NI, skema Modern unggul secara menyeluruh dan signifikan pada kedua format. Dari aspek keamanan, kedua skema menunjukkan kekuatan yang setara: nilai rata-rata avalanche effect sebesar 49,58% (NIST) dan 50,53% (Modern) yang keduanya mendekati nilai ideal 50% dan tidak berbeda signifikan secara statistik (p = 0,086), serta pola pertumbuhan waktu retas yang terkonfirmasi eksponensial melalui uji goodness-of-fit sehingga menegaskan ketahanan kunci 256-bit terhadap serangan brute force. Penggunaan memori kedua skema setara dan sebanding dengan ukuran data. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemilihan skema sebaiknya disesuaikan dengan karakteristik lingkungan dan jenis data: skema NIST optimal untuk infrastruktur ber-AES-NI dengan beban data TXT besar, sedangkan skema Modern lebih sesuai untuk perangkat tanpa akselerasi perangkat keras maupun beban data berformat DOCX.
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Hybrid cryptography is an important security standard in modern data communication as it integrates the efficiency of symmetric algorithms with the key distribution capability of asymmetric algorithms. This study conducts a comparative analysis between the NIST standard hybrid scheme (ECDH P-256 + AES-GCM) and the modern hybrid scheme (X25519 + ChaCha20-Poly1305) to evaluate computational efficiency and security robustness in text message processing. The methodology is carried out through a Python-based simulation with data sizes varying from 1 KB to 10 MB in TXT and DOCX formats. Efficiency parameters include encryption/decryption time, throughput, and memory usage measured across 50 iterations for each combination, then analyzed statistically using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test followed by the Mann-Whitney U test or t-test according to the normality results. Security validation is performed through the avalanche effect test using a bit-flipping technique on the session key and a brute force attack simulation with a Partial Key Exposure scenario on 8-bit to 28-bit variations. The results show that the direction of efficiency superiority depends on the environment and data format. In an environment supporting AES-NI hardware acceleration (AMD Ryzen 5 5600H), the NIST scheme is faster on large TXT data with a peak throughput of 2287.34 MB/s compared to 1805.74 MB/s for the Modern scheme, yet the Modern scheme is faster on all DOCX data. In the environment without AES-NI, the Modern scheme is superior across both formats comprehensively and significantly. In terms of security, both schemes demonstrate equivalent strength: the average avalanche effect values are 49.58% (NIST) and 50.53% (Modern), both approaching the ideal 50% and showing no statistically significant difference (p = 0.086), along with a crack-time growth pattern confirmed to be exponential through a goodness-of-fit test, thus affirming the 256-bit key resilience against brute force attacks. Memory usage of both schemes is equivalent and proportional to data size. This study concludes that scheme selection should be tailored to the characteristics of the environment and data type: the NIST scheme is optimal for AES-NI-enabled infrastructure with large TXT workloads, while the Modern scheme is more suitable for devices without hardware acceleration as well as DOCX-format workloads.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kriptografi Hibrida, AES-GCM, ChaCha20-Poly1305, Efisiensi Komputasi, Avalanche Effect. ======================================================================================================================== Hybrid Cryptography, Computational Efficiency
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA159 Algebra T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5102.94 Cryptographic techniques
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Mathematics > 44201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Aziz Abdurrahman
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 06:52
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 06:52
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138707

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