Analisa Kegagalan Material First Stage Vane Gas Turbin Tipe 13E1 di PLTGU Tanjung Priok Jakarta

KHUMASI, MOCHAMMAD NAFI (2026) Analisa Kegagalan Material First Stage Vane Gas Turbin Tipe 13E1 di PLTGU Tanjung Priok Jakarta. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis mekanisme kegagalan prematur pada first stage vane turbin gas GT 1.2 tipe 13E1 di PLTGU Tanjung Priok yang mengalami degradasi pada area inner platform. Komponen berbahan Inconel 939 dengan lapisan Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) ini beroperasi pada temperatur sekitar 800–1070 °C dan menunjukkan kerusakan progresif berupa degradasi permukaan serta retakan yang pertama kali teridentifikasi pada tahun 2021 dan berkembang hingga tahun 2023. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengamatan makroskopis dan metalografi, pengujian komposisi menggunakan X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), pengujian kekerasan Vickers Microhardness, serta karakterisasi mikrostruktur menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi kimia material masih sesuai dengan spesifikasi Inconel 939, sedangkan pengujian kekerasan mengindikasikan terjadinya penurunan kekerasan pada daerah dekat permukaan akibat degradasi material. Pengamatan metalografi dan SEM-EDS menunjukkan evolusi mikrostruktur, perubahan morfologi presipitat, serta peningkatan kandungan oksigen pada area terdegradasi yang mengindikasikan terjadinya oksidasi temperatur tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, mekanisme kegagalan berkembang melalui TBC spallation yang menyebabkan substrat Inconel 939 terekspos langsung terhadap gas pembakaran, diikuti oksidasi temperatur tinggi, evolusi mikrostruktur, penurunan sifat mekanik, propagasi retak, hingga kehilangan material pada first stage vane.
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This study investigates the premature failure mechanism of the first-stage vane of a GT 1.2 13E1 gas turbine at PLTGU Tanjung Priok, focusing on degradation in the inner platform region. The component, manufactured from Inconel 939 and protected by a Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC), operates at temperatures of approximately 800–1070 °C and exhibited progressive surface degradation and crack development first identified in 2021 and continuing until 2023. The investigation included macroscopic examination, metallographic observation, chemical composition analysis using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Vickers microhardness testing, and microstructural characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results confirmed that the chemical composition remained within the specification of Inconel 939, while hardness measurements indicated surface softening associated with material degradation. Metallographic and SEM-EDS analyses revealed microstructural evolution, changes in precipitate morphology, and increased oxygen concentration in the degraded region, indicating the occurrence of high-temperature oxidation. The results suggest that the failure mechanism progressed through TBC spallation, which exposed the Inconel 939 substrate directly to the hot combustion gases, followed by high-temperature oxidation, microstructural evolution, degradation of mechanical properties, crack propagation, and ultimately material loss in the first-stage vane.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	First Stage Vane, Turbin Gas, Inconel 939, Thermal Barrier Coating, TGO Growth, Thermal Cycling
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ1058 Rotors T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ230 Machine design T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ778 Gas turbines
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Mochammad Nafi Khumasi
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 03:00
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 03:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138844

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