Simulasi Antrian Kapal di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak Menggunakan Pemodelan Discrete-Event Simulation

Rizmadhani, Septika (2026) Simulasi Antrian Kapal di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak Menggunakan Pemodelan Discrete-Event Simulation. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan arus pengapalan perlu diimbangi dengan evaluasi kinerja pelayanan pelabuhan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi kepadatan dan menentukan kapasitas pelayanan yang optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kedatangan dan pelayanan kapal pada tujuh dermaga di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak, yaitu Jamrud Utara, Jamrud Utara Penumpang, Jamrud Barat, Jamrud Selatan, BJTI, Nilam, dan Mirah. Model Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) dibangun menggunakan SimPy dengan distribusi input dari hasil distribution fitting. Model kemudian diverifikasi, divalidasi, dianalisis pada kondisi steady-state menggunakan metode Welch, dan dijalankan sebanyak 30 replikasi independen. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa Dermaga Mirah memiliki tingkat kepadatan tertinggi dengan nilai Berth Occupancy Ratio (BOR) sebesar 91,19% dan rata-rata waktu tunggu kapal sebesar 237,32 jam. Dermaga Jamrud Utara dan BJTI juga memiliki tingkat utilisasi yang relatif tinggi dengan nilai BOR masing-masing sebesar 69,77% dan 69,09%, sedangkan Dermaga Jamrud Utara Penumpang memiliki BOR sebesar 37,91% yang mengindikasikan kapasitas tambatan belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Hasil validasi menunjukkan nilai Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) sebesar 2,29%, sehingga model dinilai mampu merepresentasikan kondisi operasional pelabuhan dengan tingkat akurasi yang baik. Berdasarkan hasil simulation-based optimization, konfigurasi terbaik diperoleh dengan menambah jumlah tambatan Dermaga Jamrud Utara dari 3 menjadi 4, Dermaga BJTI dari 8 menjadi 9, serta Dermaga Mirah dari 2 menjadi 3 tambatan. Sementara itu, jumlah tambatan Dermaga Jamrud Utara Penumpang dapat dikurangi dari 4 menjadi 3 tanpa menurunkan kinerja pelayanan secara signifikan. Selain optimasi kapasitas tambatan, peningkatan efisiensi waktu pelayanan sebesar 10% pada Dermaga Jamrud Utara, 5% pada Dermaga Jamrud Barat, dan 20% pada Dermaga Mirah terbukti mampu meningkatkan kinerja sistem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan Discrete-Event Simulation efektif digunakan sebagai alat pendukung keputusan dalam mengevaluasi dan mengoptimalkan sistem pelayanan kapal di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak.
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The increase in shipping traffic needs to be balanced by an evaluation of port service performance to identify potential congestion and determine the optimal service capacity. This study utilises data on vessel arrivals and service operations at seven berths in Tanjung Perak Port, namely Jamrud Utara, Jamrud Utara Passenger, Jamrud Barat, Jamrud Selatan, BJTI, Nilam, and Mirah. A Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) model was constructed using SimPy with input distributions derived from distribution fitting. The model was subsequently verified, validated and analysed under steady-state conditions using the Welch method, and run for 30 independent replications. The simulation results indicate that Mirah Quay has the highest congestion level, with a Berth Occupancy Ratio (BOR) of 91.19 per cent and an average vessel waiting time of 237.32 hours. Jamrud Utara Wharf and BJTI also have relatively high utilisation rates, with BOR values of 69.77 per cent and 69.09 per cent respectively, whilst Jamrud Utara Passenger Wharf has a BOR of 37.91 per cent, indicating that its berthing capacity is not yet being utilised optimally. The validation results showed a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 2.29 per cent, indicating that the model is capable of representing the port’s operational conditions with a good level of accuracy. Based on the results of simulation-based optimisation, the optimal configuration was achieved by increasing the number of berths at North Jamrud Wharf from 3 to 4, at BJTI Wharf from 8 to 9, and at Mirah Wharf from 2 to 3. Meanwhile, the number of berths at North Jamrud Passenger Wharf could be reduced from 4 to 3 without significantly compromising service performance. In addition to optimising berthing capacity, improving service time efficiency by 10 per cent at North Jamrud Wharf, 5 per cent at West Jamrud Wharf, and 20 per cent at Mirah Wharf has been shown to enhance system performance. The research findings indicate that the Discrete-Event Simulation approach is effective as a decision-support tool for evaluating and optimising the vessel service system at Tanjung Perak Port.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Berth Occupancy Ratio, Pelayanan Kapal, Simulasi Kejadian Diskrit, Simulation-based Optimization, Sistem Antrian, Berth Occupancy Ratio, Vessel Services, Discrete Event Simulation, Simulation-based Optimization, Queuing Systems
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QA Mathematics Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA274.2 Stochastic analysis Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA274.8 Queuing theory Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA9.58 Algorithms
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Statistics > 49201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Septika Rizmadhani
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 02:33
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 02:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138944

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