Putra, Rafli Maulana (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Kemiringan Kolektor, Variasi Bukaan Inlet, dan Penambahan Thermal Energy Storage pada Integrasi Solar Air Collector dalam Sistem Desalinasi Air Laut Berbasis Solar Still. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kebutuhan air bersih di wilayah pesisir masih menjadi permasalahan penting akibat keterbatasan akses terhadap sumber air tawar. Solar still merupakan teknologi desalinasi sederhana dan ramah lingkungan, namun produktivitasnya masih rendah akibat terbatasnya energi panas yang diterima sistem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi desain solar air collector terhadap efisiensi termal dan produktivitas solar still, meliputi variasi sudut kemiringan (5°, 10°, dan 15°), jumlah bukaan inlet (2, 4, 6, dan 8), serta penambahan Thermal Energy Storage (TES) berupa batuan gravel. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengujian eksperimental dan simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) menggunakan perangkat lunak ANSYS Fluent, dengan kondisi steady-state untuk sistem tanpa TES dan transient untuk sistem dengan TES. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sudut kemiringan 15° memberikan performa terbaik dengan laju aliran massa sebesar 0.0044 kg/s, useful heat gain 166.04 W, dan efisiensi termal sebesar 31%. Penggunaan 8 bukaan inlet terbukti paling optimal dalam mendistribusikan aliran udara dan meningkatkan proses perpindahan panas pada kolektor. Penambahan TES batuan gravel secara signifikan mampu menjaga kestabilan temperatur keluaran saat intensitas radiasi matahari menurun, yang berdampak pada peningkatan efisiensi termal harian sistem menjadi 38.1%. Integrasi solar air collector dengan solar still (tanpa TES) mampu meningkatkan produktivitas distilat dari 0.852 L/hari menjadi 1.24 L/hari. Selanjutnya, penambahan TES gravel berhasil memaksimalkan produktivitas sistem hingga mencapai 1.42 L/hari, atau meningkat secara keseluruhan sebesar 67% dibandingkan solar still pasif. Dengan demikian, konfigurasi sudut kemiringan 15°, 8 bukaan inlet, dan penambahan TES gravel terbukti menjadi solusi efektif untuk memaksimalkan kinerja desalinasi berbasis energi matahari.
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The demand for clean water in coastal areas remains a significant challenge due to limited access to freshwater sources. A solar still is a simple and environmentally friendly desalination technology; however, its productivity is relatively low due to the limited thermal energy received by the system. This study aims to analyze the effect of design variations of a solar air collector on the thermal efficiency and productivity of a solar still, including variations in tilt angle (5°, 10°, and 15°), the number of inlet openings (2, 4, 6, and 8), and the addition of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) in the form of gravel. The methods used involve experimental testing and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation using ANSYS Fluent software, applying steady-state conditions for the system without TES and transient conditions for the system with TES. The results indicate that a 15° tilt angle provides the best performance, achieving a mass flow rate of 0.0044 kg/s, a useful heat gain of 166.04 W, and a thermal efficiency of 31%. The use of 8 inlet openings proved to be the most optimal configuration for distributing airflow and enhancing the heat transfer process within the collector. The addition of gravel TES significantly maintained outlet temperature stability during periods of reduced solar radiation, which resulted in an increase in the system's daily thermal efficiency to 38.1%. The integration of the solar air collector with the solar still (without TES) increased distillate productivity from 0.852 L/day to 1.24 L/day. Furthermore, the addition of gravel TES successfully maximized the system's productivity, reaching 1.42 L/day, representing an overall increase of 67% compared to a passive solar still. Thus, the configuration of a 15° tilt angle, 8 inlet openings, and the addition of gravel TES proves to be an effective solution to maximize the performance of solar-based desalination.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | SDG 6, Solar Air Collector, Solar Still, Thermal Energy Storage |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics > QC151 Fluid dynamics T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA357 Computational fluid dynamics. Fluid Mechanics T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD479.3 Saline water conversion T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ165 Energy storage. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ810.5 Solar energy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Rafli Maulana Putra |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2026 03:06 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2026 03:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139018 |
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