Damayanti, Elvina Nafisah and Adnyani, Komang Tris Astra Putri (2026) Desain Pabrik Polyethylene Furanoate (PEF) Berrbasis Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) Sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) merupakan polimer berbasis biomassa yang berpotensi menjadi alternatif pengganti polyethylene terephthalate (PET) karena memiliki sifat barrier terhadap oksigen dan karbon dioksida yang lebih baik, serta menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca yang lebih rendah dibandingkan plastik berbasis petrokimia. Meningkatnya kebutuhan material kemasan berkelanjutan dan tingginya ketergantungan terhadap sumber daya fosil menjadikan PEF memiliki prospek yang menjanjikan untuk dikembangkan di industri kimia. PEF diproduksi melalui polimerisasi 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) dan monoethylene glycol (MEG), di mana FDCA dapat diperoleh dari biomassa lignoselulosa. Pabrik ini menggunakan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) sebagai bahan baku karena ketersediaannya yang melimpah di Indonesia, memiliki kandungan selulosa yang tinggi, serta masih belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Pabrik dirancang dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 100 ton/tahun dan berlokasi di Dumai, Riau, dengan mempertimbangkan aspek ketersediaan bahan baku, utilitas, transportasi, tenaga kerja, dan kedekatannya dengan kawasan industri. Proses produksi terdiri atas beberapa tahapan utama, yaitu pre-treatment menggunakan steam explosion, hidrolisis selulosa menggunakan katalis asam sulfat, dehidrasi glukosa menjadi 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), oksidasi HMF menjadi FDCA, polimerisasi melalui tahapan direct esterification, melt phase polymerization, dan solid-state polymerization, serta tahap purifikasi produk. Berdasarkan studi teknis dan ekonomis, didapatkan penaksiran modal CAPEX sebesar Rp 6.553.170.626 dengan biaya OPEX sebesar Rp 18.240.512.395 per tahun. Pabrik diestimasikan berumur 15 tahun dengan waktu pengembalian modal (pay out time/POT) selama 3,6 tahun. Dari hasil perhitungan ekonomi, diperoleh nilai IRR sebesar 29,18%, BEP sebesar 20,58%, dan NPV positif sebesar Rp 32.028.218.069. Dengan demikian, pabrik polyethylene furanoate (PEF) berbasis tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) layak untuk dikembangkan.
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Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) is a biomass-based polymer that has the potential to serve as an alternative to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) due to its superior oxygen and carbon dioxide barrier properties and lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to petroleum-based plastics. The increasing demand for sustainable packaging materials and the high dependence on fossil resources have made PEF a promising product for future industrial development. PEF is produced through the polymerization of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and monoethylene glycol (MEG), where FDCA can be derived from lignocellulosic biomass. This plant utilizes oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) as the main feedstock due to their abundant availability in Indonesia, high cellulose content, and underutilized potential. The plant is designed with a production capacity of 50 tons/year and is located in Dumai, Riau, considering feedstock availability, utilities, transportation access, labor availability, and proximity to industrial areas. The production process consists of several main stages, including steam explosion pre-treatment, cellulose hydrolysis using sulfuric acid catalyst, glucose dehydration into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), HMF oxidation into FDCA, polymerization through direct esterification, melt phase polymerization, and solid-state polymerization, followed by product purification. Based on technical and economic evaluations, the estimated CAPEX is IDR 6.553.170.626, while the OPEX is IDR 18.240.512.395 per year. The plant is designed for a 15-year operating lifetime with a payback period (POT) of 3,6 years. The economic analysis also shows an IRR of 29,18%, a BEP of 20,58%, and a positive NPV of IDR 32.028.218.069. Therefore, the oil palm empty fruit bunch-based polyethylene furanoate (PEF) plant is feasible for further development.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Polyethylene furanoate (PEF), tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS), biomassa lignoselulosa, desain pabrik, analisis tekno-ekonomi, Polyethylene furanoate (PEF), oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), lignocellulosic biomass, plant design, techno-economic analysis. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Elvina Nafisah Damayanti |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jul 2026 02:48 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jul 2026 02:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139146 |
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