Optimalisasi Reduksi Karbon Dioksida Melalui Sistem Kontrol PH Pada Fotobioreaktor Tipe Tubular

Fatmasari, Jea Ayu (2026) Optimalisasi Reduksi Karbon Dioksida Melalui Sistem Kontrol PH Pada Fotobioreaktor Tipe Tubular. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan emisi karbon dioksida (CO₂) akibat aktivitas manusia merupakan salah satu penyebab utama perubahan iklim global. Mikroalga memiliki kemampuan menyerap CO₂ melalui proses fotosintesis sehingga berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai solusi mitigasi emisi karbon. Pengembangan sistem yang mampu menjaga kondisi lingkungan mikroalga menjadi faktor penting untuk mengoptimalkan proses tersebut. Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan sistem kontrol pH otomatis pada fotobioreaktor tipe tubular untuk mendukung proses reduksi CO₂ oleh mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris. Sistem kontrol menggunakan metode ON-OFF dengan penambahan larutan buffer asam dan basa untuk menjaga pH media kultur pada kisaran optimal. Parameter lingkungan yang dipantau meliputi pH, temperatur, dan konsentrasi CO₂. Sistem terdiri dari sensor pH, sensor temperatur DS18B20, sensor CO₂ MH-Z19, serta mikrokontroler Arduino Mega 2560 yang terintegrasi dengan ESP32 untuk pengiriman data ke Firebase. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pada awal pengamatan, sistem fotobioreaktor mampu menyerap CO₂ dengan nilai reduksi yang relatif tinggi, yaitu berada pada kisaran 80–90 ppm. Namun, pada hari ke-2 hingga hari ke-3 terjadi penurunan nilai reduksi CO₂ hingga berada di bawah 20 ppm, yang menunjukkan menurunnya kemampuan penyerapan CO₂. Selanjutnya, nilai reduksi CO₂ cenderung rendah dan relatif stabil, kemudian mengalami peningkatan kembali pada akhir pengujian hingga mencapai sekitar 30–35 ppm. Secara keseluruhan, sistem fotobioreaktor tetap mampu melakukan penyerapan CO₂, meskipun kinerjanya dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan selama proses pengujian.
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Increased carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions due to human activities are one of the main causes of global climate change. Microalgae have the ability to absorb CO₂ through photosynthesis, thus potentially being utilized as a solution to mitigate carbon emissions. Developing a system capable of maintaining the microalgae's environmental conditions is crucial for optimizing this process. In this study, an automatic pH control system was developed for a tubular photobioreactor to support the CO₂ reduction process by the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. The control system uses an ON-OFF method with the addition of acidic and alkaline buffer solutions to maintain the pH of the culture medium within the optimal range. The environmental parameters monitored included pH, temperature, and CO₂ concentration. The system consists of a pH sensor, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, an MH-Z19 CO₂ sensor, and an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller integrated with an ESP32 for data transmission to Firebase. Test results indicate that, at the beginning of the observation, the photobioreactor system was capable of absorbing CO₂ with a relatively high reduction rate, in the range of 80–90 ppm. However, on days 2 to 3, the CO₂ reduction value decreased to below 20 ppm, indicating a decline in CO₂ absorption capacity. Subsequently, the CO₂ reduction value tended to remain low and relatively stable, before increasing again toward the end of the test to around 30–35 ppm. Overall, the photobioreactor system remained capable of absorbing CO₂, although its performance was affected by environmental conditions during the testing process.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Fotobioreaktor, pH, CO₂, Mikroalga, Kontrol on-off, Chlorella vulgaris, Photobioreactor, pH, CO₂, Microalgae, On-off control, Chlorella vulgaris.
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK3070 Automatic control
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Jea Ayu Fatmasari
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 02:43
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 02:43
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139217

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