Rancang Bangun Sistem Video Assistant Referee (VAR) Tenis Meja Guna Validasi Pelanggaran Servis

Firmansyah, Aditya (2026) Rancang Bangun Sistem Video Assistant Referee (VAR) Tenis Meja Guna Validasi Pelanggaran Servis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penegakan aturan servis tenis meja, khususnya ketentuan lambungan bola minimal 16 cm menurut ITTF Rule 2.6.2, masih bergantung pada penilaian visual wasit sehingga rentan terhadap kesalahan manusia (human error) dan inkonsistensi akibat tingginya kecepatan bola. Penelitian ini merancang dan membangun sistem Video Assistant Referee (VAR) tenis meja untuk memvalidasi ketinggian lambungan servis secara objektif. Sistem menggunakan kamera berkecepatan tinggi (≥120 FPS) sebagai sensor visual utama dan perangkat lunak berbasis Python dengan pustaka OpenCV. Pengolahan citra dilakukan melalui segmentasi warna pada ruang HSV, pembersihan derau dengan operasi morfologi, deteksi kontur dan penentuan titik pusat bola, pelacakan lintasan vertikal hingga titik puncak lambungan, serta kalibrasi spasial menggunakan objek referensi berukuran diketahui untuk mengonversi satuan piksel menjadi sentimeter. Keluaran sistem berupa nilai ketinggian lambungan dan keputusan sah atau tidak sah yang ditampilkan pada antarmuka wasit beserta fitur tayangan ulang. Hasil pengujian terhadap 60 sampel menunjukkan error absolut rata-rata (MAE) 0,36 cm dan RMSE 0,53 cm, simpangan baku pengukuran berulang ±0,114 cm, serta akurasi klasifikasi sah atau tidak sah sebesar 100%. Pada resolusi 1920×1080 sistem memproses ±92 FPS atau ±10,9 ms per frame sehingga memenuhi kebutuhan real-time. Sistem terbukti dapat menjadi alat bantu wasit yang meningkatkan objektivitas dan transparansi penegakan aturan servis tenis meja.
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The enforcement of table tennis service rules, particularly the minimum ball toss height of 16 cm under ITTF Rule 2.6.2, still relies on the umpire's visual judgement and is therefore prone to human error and inconsistency due to the high speed of the ball. This research designs and builds a Video Assistant Referee (VAR) system for table tennis to validate the service toss height objectively. The system uses a high-speed camera (≥120 FPS) as its main visual sensor and software developed in Python with the OpenCV library. Image processing is carried out through colour segmentation in the HSV space, noise removal using morphological operations, contour detection and ball centroid determination, vertical trajectory tracking up to the peak of the toss, and spatial calibration using a reference object of known size to convert pixels into centimetres. The system outputs the measured toss height and a legal or illegal decision displayed on the umpire interface, complemented by a replay feature. Testing on 60 samples yielded a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.36 cm and an RMSE of 0.53 cm, a repeated-measurement standard deviation of ±0.114 cm, and a classification accuracy of 100%. At a resolution of 1920×1080 the system processes ±92 FPS, or ±10.9 ms per frame, meeting real-time requirements. The system is shown to serve as an umpire aid that improves the objectivity and transparency of table tennis service rule enforcement.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	VAR, Tenis Meja, Visi Komputer, Object Tracking, Mekatronika, Ketinggian Servis. VAR, Table Tennis, Computer Vision, Object Tracking, Mechatronics, Service Height.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.62 Decision support systems T Technology > T Technology (General) > T59.7 Human-machine systems. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ223.P76 Programmable controllers
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Aditya Firmansyah
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 00:59
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 00:59
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139299

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