Praditya, Fredi Dwi and Dewi, Putri Elvita (2026) Pengaruh Variasi pH Terhadap Kinerja Adsorpsi Mikroplastik Polietilena Oleh Komposit Hydrochar/Zeolite-A Teraktivasi KOH Berbasis Serbuk Kayu Sengon. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Peningkatan pencemaran mikroplastik di lingkungan perairan telah menjadi perhatian global karena sifatnya yang persisten, sulit terdegradasi, serta berpotensi membahayakan ekosistem dan kesehatan manusia. Salah satu teknologi yang berpotensi diterapkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah adsorpsi menggunakan material komposit berbasis karbon dan mineral berpori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis komposit Activated Hydrochar/Zeolite-A (AHC-Z) sebagai adsorben mikroplastik polietilena (PE), mengarakterisasi sifat fisik dan kimianya, menganalisis pengaruh variasi pH terhadap kinerja adsorpsi dalam sistem kolom kontinu, mengevaluasi kinetika adsorpsi menggunakan model Yoon–Nelson dan Thomas, serta mengkaji perubahan muatan permukaan dan kemampuan regenerasi adsorben. Komposit AHC-Z disintesis melalui proses hydrothermal carbonization serbuk kayu sengon (Albizia chinensis), aktivasi kimia menggunakan KOH, sintesis Zeolite-A dari metakaolin, dan proses komposit secara hidrotermal. Material hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), serta Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) untuk analisis zeta potensial. Pengujian adsorpsi dilakukan menggunakan sistem kolom kontinu dengan massa adsorben 0,1 g, laju alir 0,1 mL/menit, dan suspensi mikroplastik polietilena berukuran 1-5 µm pada variasi pH 3, 5, 7, 9, dan 11. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa komposit AHC-Z berhasil terbentuk melalui integrasi matriks karbon berpori dengan kristal Zeolite-A. Pengujian adsorpsi pada kondisi netral menunjukkan bahwa Activated Hydrochar memiliki removal efficiency tertinggi sebesar 64,02%, diikuti komposit AHC-Z sebesar 42,13%, dan Zeolite-A sebesar 28,68%. Variasi pH memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap performa adsorpsi komposit, dengan removal efficiency optimum diperoleh pada pH 5 sebesar 87,29%, kemudian menurun pada pH 3 (63,21%), pH 7 (42,13%), pH 9 (41,63%), dan pH 11 (23,24%). Model Yoon–Nelson menghasilkan waktu terobosan 50% (τ) terpanjang sebesar 122,02 menit, sedangkan model Thomas memberikan kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum teoritis (q₀) sebesar 55,09 mg/g pada pH 5 melalui pendekatan non-linear. Analisis zeta potensial menunjukkan bahwa perubahan pH memengaruhi muatan permukaan adsorben dan mikroplastik sehingga berpengaruh terhadap interaksi elektrostatik selama proses adsorpsi. Selain itu, komposit AHC-Z masih dapat diregenerasi meskipun terjadi penurunan efisiensi adsorpsi 26,57%.
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Microplastic contamination in aquatic environments has become a global concern due to its persistent nature, resistance to degradation, and potential adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. Among the promising technologies for mitigating this issue is adsorption using composite materials based on carbon and porous minerals. This study aimed to synthesize an Activated Hydrochar/Zeolite-A (AHC-Z) composite as an adsorbent for polyethylene (PE) microplastics, characterize its physicochemical properties, investigate the effect of solution pH on adsorption performance in a continuous fixed-bed column system, evaluate adsorption kinetics using the Yoon–Nelson and Thomas models, and examine changes in surface charge as well as the regeneration capability of the adsorbent. The AHC-Z composite was synthesized through the hydrothermal carbonization of sengon wood (Albizia chinensis) sawdust, followed by KOH chemical activation, Zeolite-A synthesis from metakaolin, and hydrothermal composite formation. The synthesized materials were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) for zeta potential measurements. Continuous adsorption experiments were conducted in a fixed-bed column using 0.1 g of adsorbent, a flow rate of 0.1 mL min⁻¹, and polyethylene microplastic suspensions with particle sizes ranging from 1–5 µm under varying pH conditions (3, 5, 7, 9, and 11). The characterization results confirmed the successful formation of the AHC-Z composite through the integration of a porous carbon matrix with Zeolite-A crystals. Under neutral conditions, Activated Hydrochar exhibited the highest removal efficiency (64.02%), followed by the AHC-Z composite (42.13%) and Zeolite-A (28.68%). The solution pH significantly influenced the adsorption performance of the composite, with the highest removal efficiency achieved at pH 5 (87.29%), followed by pH 3 (63.21%), pH 7 (42.13%), pH 9 (41.63%), and pH 11 (23.24%). The Yoon–Nelson model predicted the longest 50% breakthrough time (τ) of 122.02 min at pH 5, while the Thomas model estimated the highest theoretical adsorption capacity (q₀) of 55.09 mg g⁻¹ using the non-linear approach under the same condition. Zeta potential analysis demonstrated that variations in pH altered the surface charge of both the adsorbent and polyethylene microplastics, thereby affecting the electrostatic interactions during adsorption. Furthermore, the AHC-Z composite can still be regenerated even though there is a 26.57% decrease in adsorption efficiency.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Activated Hydrochar–zeolite A, Adsorpsi, Polietilena, Activated Hydrochar–zeolite A, Microplastics, Polyethylene |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP159.M6 Zeolites |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology |
| Depositing User: | Putri Elvita Dewi |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jul 2026 01:38 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jul 2026 01:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139333 |
Available Versions of this Item
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Pengaruh Variasi pH Terhadap Kinerja Adsorpsi Mikroplastik Polietilena Oleh Komposit Hydrochar/Zeolite-A Teraktivasi KOH Berbasis Serbuk Kayu Sengon. (deposited 29 Jul 2026 01:14)
- Pengaruh Variasi pH Terhadap Kinerja Adsorpsi Mikroplastik Polietilena Oleh Komposit Hydrochar/Zeolite-A Teraktivasi KOH Berbasis Serbuk Kayu Sengon. (deposited 29 Jul 2026 01:38) [Currently Displayed]
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