Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Modifikasi Pompa Sentrifugal Closed Impeller Menjadi Splitter Closed Impeller Dengan Variasi Outlet Angle Splitter (β2s)

Faishal, Hanif Rafi (2026) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Modifikasi Pompa Sentrifugal Closed Impeller Menjadi Splitter Closed Impeller Dengan Variasi Outlet Angle Splitter (β2s). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pompa sentrifugal merupakan salah satu peralatan mekanis yang paling banyak diaplikasikan di berbagai bidang, mulai dari sektor domestik, industri, hingga irigasi, dengan fungsi utama memindahkan fluida dari kondisi bertekanan rendah menuju kondisi bertekanan lebih tinggi. Performa pompa sentrifugal sangat bergantung pada geometri impeller, khususnya bentuk dan sudut sudu, mengingat impeller memegang peranan krusial dalam mengarahkan aliran fluida sekaligus mengonversi energi mekanik menjadi energi fluida secara efektif. Namun demikian, pada closed impeller, berbagai jenis kerugian hidrolis seperti slip, resirkulasi, shock loss, dan friction loss masih berpotensi menurunkan nilai head dan efisiensi pompa secara keseluruhan. Salah satu upaya peningkatan performa adalah memodifikasi closed impeller menjadi splitter closed impeller. Yuan, dkk. [16] membuktikan bahwa penambahan splitter blade mampu meningkatkan head pompa hingga 10 m dan efisiensi hingga 4%. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi eksperimen untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi outlet angle splitter (β_2s ) terhadap performa pompa sentrifugal. Variasi splitter impeller β_2s meliputi 14°, 17°, 20°, dan 23°. Geometri impeller dirancang menggunakan SolidWorks, lalu dimanufaktur dengan metode 3D printing menggunakan material PLA+ dengan infill 100%. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan fluida kerja air dengan pengaturan kapasitas menggunakan globe valve. Parameter performa yang dianalisis meliputi kapasitas aktual, head efektif, WHP, BHP, dan efisiensi pompa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada seluruh kondisi kapasitas, variasi β_2s 17° menghasilkan head tertinggi, yaitu 13,87 m pada fully open, dengan kenaikan 19,88 % dibandingkan impeller original yang sebesar 11,57 m. Variasi tersebut juga menghasilkan efisiensi tertinggi sebesar 53,31 %, meningkat sekitar 23,77 % dibandingkan efisiensi impeller original sebesar 43,07 %. Selain itu, kebutuhan daya poros (BHP) pada variasi β_2s 17° sebesar 506,88 watt, lebih rendah sekitar 6,98% dibandingkan impeller original sebesar 544,90 watt. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi splitter blade yang tepat mampu mengurangi kerugian hidraulis lebih besar dibandingkan peningkatan kerugian friksi, sehingga meningkatkan head dan efisiensi sekaligus menurunkan kebutuhan daya poros pompa. Oleh karena itu, variasi β_2s 17° direkomendasikan sebagai konfigurasi yang paling optimal pada penelitian ini.
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to their capability to transport fluids from low-pressure to high-pressure conditions efficiently. The hydraulic performance of a centrifugal pump is strongly influenced by the impeller geometry, particularly the blade profile and outlet angle, as the impeller is responsible for directing the fluid flow and converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. Nevertheless, conventional closed impellers are still susceptible to hydraulic losses, including slip, recirculation, shock loss, and friction loss, which reduce the pump head and overall efficiency. One potential method for improving pump performance is the incorporation of splitter blades into the closed impeller. Yuan et al. [16] demonstrated that the addition of splitter blades could increase pump head by up to 10 m and improve efficiency by approximately 4%. Based on these findings, this study experimentally investigates the influence of the splitter blade outlet angle β_2s on the performance of a centrifugal pump. Four splitter blade outlet angle variations, namely β_2s 14°, 17°, 20°, and 23°, were designed using SolidWorks and manufactured through 3D printing with PLA+ material at 100% infill density. Performance tests were conducted using water as the working fluid, while the flow rate was controlled by a globe valve. The evaluated performance parameters included actual flow rate, effective head, Water Horsepower (WHP), Brake Horsepower (BHP), and pump efficiency. The experimental results reveal that the splitter blade outlet angle has a considerable influence on centrifugal pump performance. Among the tested configurations, the impeller with β_2s 17° exhibited the best overall performance, producing the highest head of 13,87 m under the fully open condition, representing an improvement of 19,88 % compared with the original impeller, which generated 11,57 m. The same configuration also achieved the highest pump efficiency of 53,31 %, corresponding to an increase of 23,77 % over the original impeller efficiency of 43,07 %. In addition, the required Brake Horsepower (BHP) was reduced to 506,88 watt, approximately 6,98 % lower than that of the original impeller at 544,90 watt. These results indicate that an appropriate splitter blade configuration can effectively reduce hydraulic losses while maintaining only a limited increase in friction losses, thereby enhancing pump head and efficiency and simultaneously lowering shaft power requirements. Consequently, the β_2s 17° configuration is identified as the optimum splitter blade outlet angle for the centrifugal pump investigated in this study.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Closed Impeller; Pompa Sentrifugal; Splitter Blade; Outlet Angle Splitter; Performa Pompa. Closed Impeller; Centrifugal Pump; Splitter Blade; Outlet Angle Splitter; Pump Performance
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ903 Pumping machinery. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ919 Centrifugal pumps--Design and construction.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Hanif Rafi Faishal
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 06:42
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 06:42
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139411

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