Desain Pabrik Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah (Waste Cooking Oil) Tinggi FFA Menggunakan Proses Esterifikasi

Khairunnisa, Hilmy (2026) Desain Pabrik Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah (Waste Cooking Oil) Tinggi FFA Menggunakan Proses Esterifikasi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan kebutuhan bahan bakar serta tingginya penggunaan minyak sawit mentah sebagai bahan baku biodiesel mendorong pemanfaatan bahan baku alternatif yang lebih ekonomis dan berkelanjutan. Minyak jelantah atau waste cooking oil (WCO) memiliki potensi untuk dikonversi menjadi biodiesel, tetapi kandungan asam lemak bebas atau free fatty acid (FFA) yang tinggi memerlukan metode pengolahan yang sesuai. Tugas akhir ini bertujuan merancang pabrik biodiesel berbahan baku minyak jelantah berkadar FFA tinggi menggunakan proses esterifikasi. Pabrik dirancang dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 60.000 ton biodiesel per tahun dan direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinu selama 24 jam per hari dan 330 hari per tahun. Pabrik akan didirikan di Kawasan Industri Gresik, JIIPE, Manyarejo, Kecamatan Manyar, Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur, serta direncanakan mulai beroperasi secara komersial pada tahun 2029. Proses produksi meliputi tahap pra-perlakuan berupa degumming, bleaching, filtrasi, dan evaporasi, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan esterifikasi menggunakan metanol dan katalis asam sulfat, netralisasi, pemisahan, serta pengeringan. Rangkaian proses tersebut menghasilkan biodiesel dengan kemurnian sekitar 96,86%. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi, diperoleh nilai Total Capital Investment sebesar Rp11,16 triliun, Total Production Cost sebesar Rp31,25 triliun per tahun, dan pendapatan penjualan sebesar Rp39,52 triliun per tahun. Evaluasi kelayakan menunjukkan nilai Net Present Value sebesar Rp53,77 triliun, Internal Rate of Return sebesar 59%, Pay Out Time selama 1,35 tahun, dan Break-Even Point sebesar 45%. Berdasarkan aspek teknis, ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan, pabrik biodiesel ini dinilai layak untuk didirikan.
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The increasing demand for fuel and the extensive use of crude palm oil as a biodiesel feedstock have encouraged the utilization of more economical and sustainable alternative raw materials. Waste cooking oil (WCO) has considerable potential for conversion into biodiesel; however, its high free fatty acid (FFA) content requires an appropriate processing method. This final project aims to design a biodiesel plant using high-FFA waste cooking oil through an esterification process. The plant is designed with a production capacity of 60,000 tonnes of biodiesel per year and is planned to operate continuously for 24 hours per day and 330 days per year. The plant will be located in the Gresik Industrial Area, JIIPE, Manyarejo, Manyar District, Gresik Regency, East Java, and is scheduled to commence commercial operation in 2029. The production process consists of feedstock pretreatment, including degumming, bleaching, filtration, and evaporation, followed by esterification using methanol and sulfuric acid as the catalyst, neutralization, separation, and drying. The overall process produces biodiesel with a purity of approximately 96.86%. The economic analysis results in a Total Capital Investment of IDR 11.16 trillion, a Total Production Cost of IDR 31.25 trillion per year, and annual sales revenue of IDR 39.52 trillion. The feasibility assessment indicates a Net Present Value of IDR 53.77 trillion, an Internal Rate of Return of 59%, a Pay Out Time of 1.35 years, and a Break Even Point of 45%. Based on the technical, economic, social, and environmental evaluations, the proposed high-FFA waste cooking oil biodiesel plant is considered feasible for establishment.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodiesel, Minyak Jelantah, Asam Lemak Bebas, Esterifikasi, Desain Pabrik, Biodiesel, Waste Cooking Oil, Free Fatty Acids, Esterification, Plant Design
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP359.B46 Biodiesel fuels. T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Hilmy Khairunnisa
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 04:38
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 04:38
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139604

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