Desain Pabrik L-Sistein Melalui Proses Fermentasi Escherichia coli Pada Media Molase

Tsaniah, Nur Maulida and Putri, Andayu Kusuma (2026) Desain Pabrik L-Sistein Melalui Proses Fermentasi Escherichia coli Pada Media Molase. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sistein merupakan asam amino non-esensial yang banyak digunakan dalam industri pakan ternak, farmasi, dan makanan. Saat ini, Indonesia masih bergantung sepenuhnya pada impor sistein, karena belum memiliki fasilitas produksi dalam negeri. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan desain pabrik L-sistein berbasis fermentasi menggunakan bahan baku molase (tetes tebu). Teknologi fermentasi dipilih sebagai alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan dibandingkan sintesis kimia, karena dapat menggunakan sumber daya terbarukan dan menghasilkan limbah yang lebih mudah dikelola. Pabrik ini dirancang dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 1.000 ton per tahun, yang setara dengan 3% kebutuhan impor sistein di Indonesia. Kapasitas ini dipilih untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada impor secara bertahap, mengoptimalkan efisiensi produksi, serta meminimalkan risiko overproduksi dan ketidakseimbangan pasar. Desain pabrik ini mencakup analisis ketersediaan bahan baku, pemilihan lokasi pabrik, serta aspek teknis dan ekonomi proses fermentasi. Berdasarkan evaluasi, lokasi pabrik yang potensial adalah di Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur, mengingat ketersediaan bahan baku, infrastruktur industri, serta aksesibilitas pasar. Pemilihan teknologi fermentasi menggunakan Escherichia coli rekayasa genetika, yang mampu menghasilkan L-sistein dengan efisiensi tinggi. Selain itu, aspek lingkungan dan keberlanjutan juga menjadi pertimbangan utama dalam desain ini. Total kapasitas pabrik yang akan didirikan sebesar 1.000 ton/tahun. Kebutuhan bahan baku yang diperlukan dalam produksi pabrik ini adalah gula kristal mentah dengan basis bahan baku sebesar 5.822 ton/tahun, sehingga menghasilkan yield sebesar 2,86%. Setelah dilakukan analisa ekonomi didapatkan bahwa produksi L-sistein memiliki IRR (Internal Rate of Return) sebesar 9,14% yang melampaui WACC (Weighted Average Capital of Cost) 10,2%, didapatkan NPV (Net Present Value) > 0. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan, maka diperkirakan pabrik akan mengalami POT (Pay Out Time) 9 tahun setelah produksi dimulai dengan BEP (Break Even Point) sebesar 41%. Dengan adanya pabrik ini, diharapkan Indonesia dapat meningkatkan kemandirian dalam produksi sistein serta membuka peluang ekspor di masa depan.
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Cysteine is a non-essential amino acid widely used in the animal feed, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Currently, Indonesia remains entirely dependent on cysteine imports, as it does not yet have domestic production facilities. Therefore, a fermentation-based L-cysteine plant was designed using molasses (sugarcane juice) as the raw material. Fermentation technology was chosen as a more environmentally friendly alternative to chemical synthesis, as it utilizes renewable resources and produces waste that is easier to manage. The plant is designed with a production capacity of 1.000 metric tons per year, equivalent to 3% of Indonesia’s methionine import needs. This capacity was chosen to gradually reduce dependence on imports, optimize production efficiency, and minimize the risks of overproduction and market imbalances. The design of this plant includes an analysis of raw material availability, plant site selection, and the technical and economic aspects of the fermentation process. Based on the evaluation, a potential plant location is in Malang Regency, East Java, given the availability of raw materials, industrial infrastructure, and market accessibility. The selected fermentation technology utilizes genetically engineered Escherichia coli, which can produce L-cysteine with high efficiency. Additionally, environmental and sustainability aspects are also key considerations in this design. The total capacity of the plant to be established is 1,000 metric tons per year. The raw material required for production is molase, with an annual feedstock requirement of 5.822 metric tons, resulting in a yield of 2.86%. An economic analysis revealedthat L-cysteine production has an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 9,14%, which exceeds the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) of 10.2%, resulting in a Net Present Value (NPV) > 0. Based on these calculations, the plant is projected to reach its Payout Time (POT) 9 years after production begins, with a Break-Even Point (BEP) of 41%. With this plant in operation, it is hoped that Indonesia can increase its self-sufficiency in cysteine production and open up future export opportunities.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Fermentasi, GMO Escherichia coli, Molase, L-sistein, Fermentation, GMO Escherichia coli, Molase, L-cysteine
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > Food Engineering : 41221-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nur Maulida Tsaniah
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 00:57
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 00:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139692

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