Wijayanti, Fadilla Maylinda and Agustini, Maisya Nur (2026) Desain Pabrik L-arginin Dari Gula Kristal Mentah Dengan Metode Fermentasi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kebutuhan L-arginin nasional terus meningkat seiring pertumbuhan sektor farmasi, pangan fungsional, dan pakan ternak, namun hingga saat ini seluruh pasokan masih dipenuhi melalui impor karena Indonesia belum memiliki fasilitas produksi L-arginin berskala industri. Impor L-arginin Indonesia tercatat tumbuh rata-rata 5,71% per tahun dan diproyeksikan mencapai 8.790 ton pada 2030. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang pabrik L-arginin berbahan baku gula kristal mentah dengan metode fermentasi mikroba menggunakan Corynebacterium glutamicum rekayasa genetik, yang dipilih melalui seleksi proses karena unggul dari sisi selektivitas isomer L, efisiensi energi, ramah lingkungan, dan keekonomian dibandingkan sintesis kimia maupun hidrolisis protein alami. Kapasitas produksi pabrik ditetapkan sebesar 1.000 ton/tahun (±11% dari proyeksi kebutuhan nasional 2030), dengan lokasi terpilih di Kawasan Industri Wijayakusuma, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, berdasarkan analisis Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang mempertimbangkan ketersediaan bahan baku, utilitas, tenaga kerja, aksesibilitas, regulasi, dan topografi. Proses produksi meliputi tahap pre-treatment hidrolisis sukrosa, fermentasi fed-batch pada suhu 30–37°C dan pH 6,8–7,2, dilanjutkan pemisahan biomassa, dekolorisasi, demineralisasi, evaporasi, kristalisasi, dan pengeringan hingga diperoleh kristal L-arginin dengan kemurnian ≥98%. Analisis kelayakan ekonomi menunjukkan Total Capital Investment sebesar Rp155,3 miliar, dengan Net Present Value positif sebesar Rp361,97 miliar, Internal Rate of Return 16,6% (lebih tinggi dari bunga pinjaman 6,81%), waktu pengembalian modal (POT) 5 tahun, dan titik impas (BEP) pada tingkat produksi 36%. Kajian aspek sosial dan lingkungan menunjukkan bahwa pabrik berpotensi memberikan dampak ekonomi positif melalui penyerapan tenaga kerja dan pendapatan daerah, dengan risiko lingkungan yang dapat dikelola melalui penerapan prinsip green industry.
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Domestic demand for L-arginine in Indonesia continues to rise in line with the growth of the pharmaceutical, functional food, and animal feed sectors, yet the entire national demand is still met through imports, as Indonesia has not yet established an industrial-scale L-arginine production facility. National L-arginine imports have grown at an average rate of 5.71% per year and are projected to reach 8,790 tons by 2030. This study aims to design an L-arginine plant using raw granulated sugar as the raw material through a microbial fermentation process employing genetically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum, which was selected through process screening for its superior L-isomer selectivity, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, and economic feasibility compared to chemical synthesis and natural protein hydrolysis. The plant capacity was set at 1,000 tons/year (approximately 11% of the projected 2030 national demand), with the selected site located in the Wijayakusuma Industrial Estate, Semarang, Central Java, determined through an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis considering raw material availability, utilities, labor, accessibility, regulations, and topography. The production process consists of a pre-treatment stage for sucrose hydrolysis, fed-batch fermentation at 30–37°C and pH 6.8–7.2, followed by biomass separation, decolorization, demineralization, evaporation, crystallization, and drying to obtain L-arginine crystals with a purity of ≥98%. Economic feasibility analysis showed a Total Capital Investment of IDR 155.3 billion, a positive Net Present Value of IDR 361.97 billion, an Internal Rate of Return of 16.6% (exceeding the loan interest rate of 6.81%), a Pay Out Time of 5 years, and a Break-Even Point at a 36% production level. Social and environmental impact assessments indicate that the plant has the potential to generate positive economic effects through job creation and regional revenue, with manageable environmental risks through the implementation of green industry principles.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | L-arginin, fermentasi mikroba, Corynebacterium glutamicum, gula kristal mentah, desain pabrik, bioteknologi,L-arginine, microbial fermentation, Corynebacterium glutamicum, raw granulated sugar, plant design, biotechnology |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Fadilla Maylinda Wijayanti |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2026 05:40 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2026 05:40 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139771 |
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