Pengaruh Sudut Masuk dan Kecepatan Putar Side Entry Double Impeller Terhadap Stabilitas pH Pada Proses Defekasi Nira Tebu

Fuadiyyah, Vania Salma and Dzunnurain, Happy Riezqya (2026) Pengaruh Sudut Masuk dan Kecepatan Putar Side Entry Double Impeller Terhadap Stabilitas pH Pada Proses Defekasi Nira Tebu. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Salah satu proses penting industri gula adalah pemurnian defekasi, dimana proses tersebut merupakan penambahan larutan kapur melalui pengadukan untuk menghilangkan zat bukan gula dan menjaga pH agar stabil. Penggunaan sistem pengadukan secara konvensional seringkali menimbulkan pencampuran tidak homogen dan mengakibatkan aliran dead zone yang menurunkan stabilitas pH dan efektivitas defekasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan side entry mixer pada proses defekasi nira tebu yang mampu menghasilkan pola aliran aksial, radial dan turbulen menyerupai fountain flow, sehingga diharapkan menjaga stabilitas pH dan meningkatkan homogenitas yang lebih seragam dan optimal. Pola aliran dipengaruhi sudut masuk impeller, di mana sudut 30° menghasilkan kombinasi aksial, radial, dan swirling flow yang mengurangi zona stagnan serta mempercepat pembentukan kalsium fosfat. Variasi terbaik pada sudut 30° dan kecepatan 800 rpm dengan waktu pengadukan 120–180 detik menghasilkan homogenitas pH 99,93%, densitas 100%, viskositas 99,12%, TSS 98,75%, dan Turbidity 98,97%. Distribusi Ca(OH)₂ yang merata meningkatkan kontak ion Ca²⁺ dengan fosfat, terbukti dari hasil XRD yang menunjukkan fase kalsium fosfat dengan puncak difraksi utama pada 2θ sekitar 31°–32°
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One of the critical processes in the sugar industry is defecation purification, which involves the addition of lime solution through agitation to remove non-sugar impurities and stabilize pH. Conventional mixing systems often result in non-homogeneous mixing and the formation of dead zones, thereby reducing pH stability and defecation efficiency. This study investigates the application of a side-entry mixer in sugarcane juice defecation, capable of generating axial, radial, and turbulent flow patterns resembling fountain flow, expected to enhance pH stability and mixing homogeneity. Flow patterns were influenced by impeller entry angle, with 30° producing a combination of axial, radial, and swirling flows that minimized stagnation zones and accelerated calcium phosphate formation. Optimal conditions at 30° entry angle and 800 rpm with 120–180 seconds of mixing achieved pH homogeneity of 99.93%, density of 100%, viscosity of 99.12%, TSS of 98.75%, and Turbidity of 98.97%. Uniform distribution of Ca(OH)₂ improved ion contact between Ca²⁺ and phosphate, as confirmed by XRD analysis showing calcium phosphate phase formation with a main diffraction peak at 2θ around 31°–32°

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Defecation, Defekasi, Mixing, Pencampuran, pH.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T385 Visualization--Technique T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering
Depositing User:	Happy Riezqya Dzunnurain
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 07:25
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 07:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140083

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