Analisis Spasial Keterjangkauan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Studi Kasus: Pelayanan Kesehatan Di Kabupaten Madiun)

Kusuma, Bella Dwi Anggun (2026) Analisis Spasial Keterjangkauan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Studi Kasus: Pelayanan Kesehatan Di Kabupaten Madiun). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Keterjangkauan pelayanan kesehatan merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam mewujudkan pemerataan akses kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Kabupaten Madiun memiliki kondisi geografis yang beragam, mulai dari dataran rendah hingga wilayah perbukitan, yang berpotensi mempengaruhi akses masyarakat terhadap fasilitas kesehatan. Di sisi lain, peningkatan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) pada tahun 2024 menunjukkan bahwa akses dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan di Kabupaten Madiun masih perlu ditingkatkan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi variabel yang mempengaruhi keterjangkauan pelayanan kesehatan serta mengukur tingkat keterjangkauan fasilitas kesehatan di Kabupaten Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan campuran dengan memanfaatkan data primer yang diperoleh melalui observasi dan kuesioner, serta data sekunder dari studi literatur dan instansi terkait. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode Delphi untuk mengidentifikasi variabel yang mempengaruhi keterjangkauan pelayanan kesehatan dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menentukan bobot masing-masing variabel. Hasil analisis Delphi menunjukkan sembilan variabel yang mempengaruhi keterjangkauan pelayanan kesehatan, yaitu radius pelayanan, distribusi fasilitas kesehatan, jarak tempuh, waktu tempuh, hierarki jalan, penggunaan lahan, topografi, kelerengan, dan kepadatan penduduk. Selanjutnya, hasil analisis AHP menunjukkan bahwa waktu tempuh (0,304), jarak tempuh (0,201), dan distribusi fasilitas kesehatan (0,169) merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh. Bobot tersebut kemudian digunakan dalam analisis Weighted Multi-Criteria Analysis (WMCA) untuk mengukur tingkat keterjangkauan setiap jenis fasilitas kesehatan secara spasial. Selanjutnya, metode Map Algebra menggunakan tool Raster Calculator digunakan untuk mengintegrasikan seluruh hasil WMCA. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 89% kawasan permukiman & aktivitas lainnya di Kabupaten Madiun berada pada tingkat keterjangkauan tinggi hingga sangat tinggi, sedangkan 11% sisanya berada pada tingkat keterjangkauan sedang hingga rendah. Meskipun secara umum tingkat keterjangkauan pelayanan kesehatan tergolong baik, namun belum merata pada seluruh wilayah.
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Healthcare accessibility is an essential aspect of achieving equitable access to healthcare services for the community. Madiun Regency has diverse geographical characteristics, ranging from lowland areas to hilly regions, which may affect community access to healthcare facilities. In addition, the increase in the Maternal Mortality Rate in 2024 indicates that the accessibility and quality of healthcare services in Madiun Regency still need improvement. Therefore, this study aims to identify the variables influencing healthcare accessibility and to measure the level of healthcare accessibility in Madiun Regency. The study employed a mixed-methods approach utilizing primary data collected through observations and questionnaires, as well as secondary data obtained from literature reviews and relevant institutions. The analysis was conducted using the Delphi method to identify variables affecting healthcare accessibility and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the weight of each variable. The Delphi analysis identified nine variables influencing healthcare accessibility, namely service radius, distribution of healthcare facilities, travel distance, travel time, road hierarchy, land use, topography, slope, and population density. Furthermore, the AHP results revealed that travel time (0,304), travel distance (0,201), and the distribution of healthcare facilities (0,169) were the most influential variables. These weights were subsequently applied in the Weighted Multi-Criteria Analysis (WMCA) to measure the spatial accessibility of each type of healthcare facility. Subsequently, the Map Algebra method using the Raster Calculator tool was employed to integrate all WMCA results. The results showed that 89% of residential and other activity areas in Madiun Regency were classified as having high to very high healthcare accessibility, while the remaining 11% were classified as having moderate to low accessibility. Although the overall level of healthcare accessibility in Madiun Regency is considered good, its spatial distribution remains uneven.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keterjangkauan, Pelayanan Kesehatan, Fasilitas Kesehatan, AHP, Weighted Multi-Criteria Analysis (WMCA), Map Algebra, Accessibility, Healthcare, AHP, Weighted Multi-Criteria Analysis (WMCA), Map Algebra
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.212 ArcGIS. Geographic information systems.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Regional & Urban Planning > 35201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Bella Dwi Anggun Kusuma
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 02:58
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 02:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140223

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