Analisis Back Flashover Dan Transien Switching Pada Saluran Transmisi 150 kV Kayu Agung–Gumawang Menggunakan Simulasi EMT

Joefrinaldo, Joefrinaldo (2026) Analisis Back Flashover Dan Transien Switching Pada Saluran Transmisi 150 kV Kayu Agung–Gumawang Menggunakan Simulasi EMT. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gangguan pada saluran transmisi 150 kV Kayu Agung–Gumawang tanggal 16 April 2026 berawal dari sambaran petir 92 kA pada Tower 133 yang berdiri di tanah gambut dengan tahanan kaki tower terukur 1.259 Ω. Nilai tahanan setinggi itu membuat tegangan lengan tower naik jauh melampaui ketahanan isolator, sehingga terjadi back flashover. Penelitian ini membangun model transien elektromagnetik atau EMT saluran tersebut pada perangkat lunak ATPDraw untuk dua tujuan yang berbeda. Pertama, merekonstruksi dan memvalidasi peristiwa back flashover terhadap data gangguan lapangan. Kedua, menyusun acuan dasar atau baseline tegangan lebih switching pada kondisi switching konvensional, sebagai bahan pertimbangan apabila saluran ini kelak ditingkatkan menuju penerapan switching terkendali. Model petir menggunakan saluran bergantung frekuensi J. Marti dan injeksi arus fungsi Heidler. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan arus puncak tower sekitar 83 kA dengan flashover pertama pada fasa R, sesuai temuan kerusakan 8 dari 12 piring isolator di lapangan. Rekomendasi perbaikan pentanahan hasil analisis ini telah ditindaklanjuti melalui penambahan titik buang petir pada tiap kaki tower, dan sejak itu gangguan pada tower yang sama tidak berulang. Untuk kajian switching, model Bergeron digunakan pada skenario energisasi saluran dengan dua kondisi yaitu switching acak dan switching terkendali. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan tegangan lebih puncak sekitar 208 kV pada kondisi switching acak yang berhasil ditekan menjadi sekitar 122 kV pada kondisi switching terkendali. Seluruh nilai masih di bawah BIL 650 kV. Penelitian ini juga menegaskan bahwa kesahihan simulasi EMT bergantung pada kesesuaian antara pengaturan numerik dan kondisi fisik lapangan.
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The fault on the 150 kV Kayu Agung–Gumawang transmission line on 16 April 2026 originated from a 92 kA lightning strike to Tower 133, which stands on peat soil with a measured footing resistance of 1,259 Ω. This resistance was high enough to raise the tower arm voltage far beyond the insulator withstand level, so a back flashover occurred. This study develops an electromagnetic transient (EMT) model of the line in ATPDraw for two distinct purposes. The first is to reconstruct and validate the back flashover event against field fault data. The second is to establish a baseline of switching overvoltages under conventional switching, serving as a reference should the line later be upgraded toward controlled switching. The lightning model uses a J. Marti frequency dependent line together with Heidler function current injection. The simulation gives a peak tower current of about 83 kA with the first flashover on phase R, consistent with the field finding of damage to 8 of 12 insulator discs. The grounding improvement recommended by this analysis, namely the addition of grounding rods at each tower leg, has since been implemented, and no recurring fault has been recorded at the same tower. For the switching study, a Bergeron model is applied to a line energization scenario under two conditions, random switching and controlled switching. The results show a peak overvoltage of about 208 kV under random switching, which is reduced to about 122 kV under controlled switching. All values remain within the 650 kV BIL. This study also confirms that the validity of EMT simulation depends on the consistency between the numerical settings and the actual field conditions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ATPDraw, back flashover, koordinasi isolasi, switching terkendali, transien switching, ATPDraw, back flashover, insulation coordination, controlled switching, switching transients
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK201 Electric Power Transmission T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK153 Electric power factor. Lightning protection.
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Joefrinaldo Joefrinaldo
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 04:00
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 04:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140299

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