Evaluasi Distribusi Tingkat Tekanan Bunyi Dan Kenyamanan Akustik Audiens Berdasarkan Konfigurasi Loudspeaker Pada Gedung Balai Budaya Surabaya

Supriyono, Auliyah Shabirah (2026) Evaluasi Distribusi Tingkat Tekanan Bunyi Dan Kenyamanan Akustik Audiens Berdasarkan Konfigurasi Loudspeaker Pada Gedung Balai Budaya Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kualitas akustik ruang pertunjukan menentukan kejelasan suara, pemerataan distribusi bunyi, dan kenyamanan akustik audiens. Gedung Balai Budaya Surabaya, ruang pertunjukan multifungsi yang mendapat kritik seniman terkait kualitas akustiknya, dievaluasi dalam penelitian ini melalui pengukuran lapangan dan simulasi EASE 4.3 terhadap konfigurasi pengeras suara eksisting dan tiga skema optimalisasi. Pengukuran lapangan tanpa audiens dan tanpa pengoperasian pendingin udara menunjukkan Noise Criteria tertinggi NC-36, melampaui rekomendasi auditorium besar, distribusi tingkat tekanan bunyi yang tidak merata antarposisi, waktu peluruhan bunyi (EDT) rata-rata 0,5 detik yang mengindikasikan karakter kering, serta nilai C₈₀ dengan 64% titik (18 dari 28) di luar rentang rekomendasi. Perbandingan awal model simulasi terhadap pengukuran waktu dengung pada Titik 22 menghasilkan selisih rata-rata 0,07 detik pada 17 pita frekuensi, menunjukkan kesesuaian yang baik meski baru mencakup satu titik. Hasil simulasi kondisi eksisting menunjukkan selisih tingkat tekanan bunyi 4,21 dB dan C₈₀ berkisar -9,38 hingga 7,86 dB pada 1000 Hz. Skema 1, berupa penyesuaian arah pancaran pengeras suara samping tanpa penambahan unit, menyempitkan selisih tersebut menjadi 2,23 dB dan mengangkat C₈₀ minimum menjadi -0,04 dB, hasil paling seimbang di antara tiga skema. Skema 2 memberikan hasil serupa Skema 1, sedangkan Skema 3, penambahan dua unit pengeras suara belakang tanpa simulasi pembanding bersama pengaturan waktu tunda, memperbaiki tingkat tekanan bunyi namun melebarkan C₈₀ dan STI. Skema 1 direkomendasikan sebagai konfigurasi optimal, dengan penerapannya tetap memerlukan pengukuran ulang lapangan mengingat validasi model baru mencakup satu titik dan satu parameter.
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The acoustic quality of a performance venue determines sound clarity, uniformity of sound distribution, and objective acoustic performance in the audience area. Balai Budaya Surabaya, a multipurpose performance hall criticized by artists for its acoustic quality, was evaluated in this study through field measurements and EASE 4.3 simulation of the existing loudspeaker configuration and three optimization schemes. Field measurements conducted without an audience and with the air conditioning off revealed a maximum Noise Criteria of NC-36, exceeding the recommendation for large auditoriums, an uneven distribution of sound pressure levels between positions, an average early decay time (EDT) of 0.5 seconds indicating a dry character, and C₈₀ values with 64% of points (18 of 28) outside the recommended range. An initial comparison of the simulation model against measured reverberation time at Point 22 yielded an average deviation of 0.07 seconds across 17 frequency bands, indicating good agreement, although only one point was compared. Existing-condition simulation results showed a sound pressure level difference of 4.21 dB and a C₈₀ range of -9.38 to 7.86 dB at 1000 Hz. Scheme 1, consisting of angular adjustments to the side loudspeakers without adding units, narrowed this difference to 2.23 dB and raised the minimum C₈₀ to -0.04 dB, the most balanced result among the three schemes. Scheme 2 produced results similar to Scheme 1, while Scheme 3, adding two rear loudspeaker units without a comparative simulation using time delay settings, improved sound pressure levels but widened the C₈₀ and STI distribution. Scheme 1 is recommended as the optimal configuration, though its implementation still requires field re-measurement given that model validation covered only one point and one parameter.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Tingkat tekanan bunyi, Evaluasi akustik ruang, Konfigurasi speaker, C80, STI, Ease 4.3. =================================================== Sound pressure level distribution, Acoustic room evaluation, Speaker configuration, C80, STI, Ease 4.3.
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QC Physics > QC221 Acoustics. Sound
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Auliyah Shabirah Supriyono
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2026 04:16
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2026 04:16
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140331

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