Studi Optimalisasi Penempatan PLTS dan BESS Menggunakan Metode Kecerdasan Buatan Pada Sistem Kelistrikan Tambora

Pranidana, Andrew Medea Thyra (2026) Studi Optimalisasi Penempatan PLTS dan BESS Menggunakan Metode Kecerdasan Buatan Pada Sistem Kelistrikan Tambora. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sistem kelistrikan modern menghadapi tantangan besar dalam menjaga keandalan suplai di tengah peningkatan permintaan energi dan masa transisi menuju energi baru terbarukan (EBT). Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) menawarkan potensi luar biasa sebagai penyedia energi bersih. Pemerintah Indonesia melalui RUPTL 2025–2034 menargetkan penambahan 42,6 GW EBT yang didominasi oleh PLTS, dengan total 69,5 GW kapasitas baru. Dari target tersebut, 17,1 GW dialokasikan untuk PLTS dan 10,3 GW untuk sistem penyimpanan energi. Mengingat realisasi PLTS baru mencapai 717 MW pada tahun 2024, percepatan pembangunan infrastruktur energi terbarukan menjadi sangat krusial. Namun, integrasi PLTS secara masif menimbulkan permasalahan operasional. Sifat intermiten energi surya memicu fluktuasi daya yang dapat mengganggu stabilitas jaringan dan menurunkan profil tegangan sistem kelistrikan. Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) menjadi solusi vital yang berfungsi menyimpan kelebihan energi, melepaskan daya saat beban puncak, serta menstabilkan tegangan saat terjadi gangguan. Sistem kelistrikan Tambora, dengan karakteristik bebannya yang dinamis dan target integrasi PLTS serta BESS sebesar 220 MW, sangat rentan terhadap permasalahan stabilitas ini jika penempatannya tidak direncanakan secara presisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi penempatan dan penentuan kapasitas optimal PLTS beserta BESS di wilayah Tambora. Metodologi yang diterapkan meliputi pemodelan aliran daya sistem kelistrikan dan optimasi menggunakan algoritma Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Algoritma ini akan mengevaluasi berbagai skenario penempatan pada kandidat gardu induk guna memaksimalkan keandalan sistem, menjaga profil tegangan pada batas standar (0,90–1,05 pu), serta meminimalkan rugi-rugi transmisi jaringan. Hasil optimalisasi diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan teknis bagi operator sistem dalam perencanaan investasi EBT yang andal dan efisien.
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Modern electrical power systems face major challenges in maintaining supply reliability amidst increasing energy demand and the transition toward renewable energy resources (RES). Photovoltaic (PV) systems offer tremendous potential as clean energy providers. Through the 2025–2034 RUPTL, the Indonesian government targets the addition of 42.6 GW of renewable energy dominated by PV systems—with a total of 69.5 GW of new capacity. Of this target, 17.1 GW is allocated for PV systems and 10.3 GW for energy storage systems. Considering that PV realization only reached 717 MW in 2024, accelerating the development of renewable energy infrastructure is highly crucial. However, the massive integration of PV systems introduces operational problems. The intermittent nature of solar energy triggers power fluctuations that can disrupt grid stability and degrade the power system's voltage profile. To overcome these obstacles, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have become a vital solution that functions to store excess energy, release power during peak loads, and stabilize voltage during disturbances. The Tambora power system, with its dynamic load characteristics and an integration target of 220 MW for PV and BESS, is highly vulnerable to these stability issues if the placement is not planned precisely. This thesis plan aims to formulate a strategy for the optimal placement and sizing of PV and BESS units in the Tambora region. The applied methodology includes power flow modeling of the electrical system and optimization using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. This algorithm will evaluate various placement scenarios at candidate substations to maximize system reliability, maintain the voltage profile within standard limits (0.95–1.05 pu), and minimize network transmission losses. The optimization results are expected to provide technical guidance for system operators in planning reliable and efficient renewable energy investments.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	BESS, PSO, PLTS, Sistem Kelistikan Tambora, Photovoltaic System, Tambora Power System
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ165 Energy storage. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ810.5 Solar energy T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1010 Electric power system stability. Electric filters, Passive. T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1056 Solar power plants. Ocean thermal power plants T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1087 Photovoltaic power generation T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2941 Storage batteries
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Andrew Medea Thyra Pranidana
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2026 03:09
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2026 03:09
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140396

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