Hasyim, Ayyu Fityatin Luthfi (2026) Analisis Kinetika Progresi Unsur Hara dan Evaluasi Umur Simpan Pupuk Organik Cair dari Fermentasi Limbah Bulu Unggas Menggunakan Bakteri Bacillus licheniformis. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Limbah bulu unggas dengan kandungan nitrogen hingga 15% dan memiliki kandungan keratin 90% dari total berat keringnya. Namun, struktur keratin yang stabil dan sulit terdegradasi menjadi tantangan, karena itu penelitian ini menggunakan Bacillus licheniformis untuk mengoptimalkan degradasi keratin saat fermentasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kinetika progresi unsur hara N, P, dan K (Nitrogen, Fosfor dan Kalium) selama fermentasi pada berbagai konsentrasi inokulum (9%, 11%, dan 13%, v/v) serta mengevaluasi umur simpan pupuk organik cair yang dihasilkan. Pemodelan kinetika menunjukkan bahwa model Logistik memberikan kesesuaian terbaik untuk pelepasan N dengan nilai R² 0,97–0,98, sedangkan model Pseudo-Second Order (PSO) paling sesuai untuk pelepasan P (R² = 0,97–0,99) dan K (R² = 0,99). Konsentrasi inokulum 11% menghasilkan nilai k (laju reaksi) tertinggi untuk N (k = 1,15) dan P (k = 0,10), sementara nilai laju reaksi tertinggi untuk K diperoleh pada inokulum 9% (k = 0,04). Perbedaan nilai laju reaksi untuk K antar perlakuan yang relatif kecil menunjukkan bahwa pelepasan K lebih dipengaruhi oleh mekanisme difusi dan pertukaran kation daripada aktivitas enzimatik. Kualitas Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi inokulum 13%, dan aplikasi kombinasi POC dengan pupuk anorganik pada perbandingan 70:30 (v/v) memberikan hasil terbaik pada tanaman bayam (daun lebih banyak 36% dibanding kontrol) dan kacang kedelai (berat panen 80% lebih tinggi daripada kontrol). Sterilisasi pada suhu 70°C selama 30 menit menghasilkan parameter paling stabil (Coefficient of Variance (CV): N=5%, P=8%, K=2,7%, pH=0,2%), Sterilisasi menghasilkan stabilitas K yang sangat baik (CV=2,7%) sehingga penurunannya tidak signifikan selama pengamatan, yang menyebabkan model kinetika tidak dapat menentukan angka pasti masa simpannya (R² rendah). Namun demikian, stabilitas ini mengindikasikan bahwa umur simpan POC tersterilisasi diprediksi melebihi masa simpan kontrol tanpa sterilisasi (51 hari).
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Poultry feather waste contains up to 15% nitrogen and 90% keratin by total dry weight. However, the stable structure of keratin, which is difficult to degrade, poses a challenge; therefore, this study used Bacillus licheniformis to optimize keratin degradation during fermentation. The objective of this study was to analyze the kinetics of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) nutrient progression during fermentation at various inoculum concentrations (9%, 11%, and 13%, v/v) and to evaluate the shelf life of the resulting liquid organic fertilizer. Kinetic modeling showed that the Logistic model provided the best fit for N release with an R² value of 0.97–0.98, while the Pseudo-Second-Order (PSO) model was the most suitable for P release (R² = 0.97–0.99) and K release (R² = 0.99). An inoculum concentration of 11% yielded the highest k values (reaction rates) for N (k = 1.15) and P (k = 0.10), while the highest reaction rate for K was observed at a 9% inoculum concentration (k = 0.04). The relatively small differences in reaction rate values for K among treatments indicate that K release is more influenced by diffusion and cation exchange mechanisms than by enzymatic activity. The best quality of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) was obtained at a 13% inoculum concentration, and the combined application of LOF with inorganic fertilizer at a 70:30 (v/v) ratio yielded the best results for spinach (36% more leaves than the control). and soybeans (harvest weight 80% higher than the control). Sterilization at 70°C for 30 minutes yielded the most stable parameters (Coefficient of Variance (CV): N=5%, P=8%, K=2.7%, pH=0.2%). Sterilization resulted in excellent stability of K (CV=2.7%), so that its decline was not significant during the observation period, which meant that the kinetic model could not determine a precise shelf life (low R²). Nevertheless, this stability indicates that the shelf life of the sterilized POC is predicted to exceed that of the unsterilized control (51 days).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | limbah bulu unggas, limbah tahu cair, B. lichenofermis, pupuk organik cair, keratin poultry feather waste, liquid tofu waste, B. lichenofermis, liquid organic fertilizer, keratin. |
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S654.5 Biofertilizers |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ayyu Fityatin Luthfi Hasyim |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2026 06:34 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2026 06:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140804 |
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