Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Nanofiber Selulosa Dari Serat Daun Nanas Sebagai Pengganti Serat Gingiva Alami Pada Aplikasi Basis Gigi Tiruan

Amali, Hafidz and Pradipa, Aqyura Arga (2026) Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Nanofiber Selulosa Dari Serat Daun Nanas Sebagai Pengganti Serat Gingiva Alami Pada Aplikasi Basis Gigi Tiruan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Permasalahan kehilangan gigi atau kondisi edentulous masih menjadi tantangan dalam rehabilitasi kesehatan mulut melalui penggunaan basis gigi tiruan berbahan resin akrilik polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Namun, PMMA memiliki keterbatasan pada sifat mekanik dan tampilan visual yang cenderung artifisial. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan komposit PMMA yang diperkuat cellulose nanofiber (CNF) dari serat daun nanas sebagai pengatur estetika serta hidroksiapatit (HAp) sebagai filler untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik dan biokompatibilitas. Sintesis CNF dilakukan melalui proses alkalisasi, bleaching menggunakan NaOCl dengan variasi waktu dan konsentrasi, hidrolisis H₂SO₄ dengan variasi konsentrasi 40% dan 50%, serta sonikasi, kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR, XRD, SEM, dan uji kekuatan lentur menggunakan Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum diperoleh pada proses bleaching menggunakan NaOCl 2% selama 75 menit yang diikuti hidrolisis H₂SO₄ 40%. FTIR mengonfirmasi keberhasilan delignifikasi, sedangkan XRD menunjukkan nilai Crystallinity Index sebesar 78,76%. Hasil SEM memperlihatkan morfologi fibril yang masih kontinu dengan diameter 10–50 nm dan panjang 4–10 µm. Komposit PMMA-HAp yang diperkuat CNF H40 menghasilkan kekuatan lentur sebesar 80,94 MPa dan modulus lentur sebesar 11.880,56 MPa, lebih tinggi dibandingkan CNF H50. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi bleaching NaOCl 2% selama 75 menit dan hidrolisis H₂SO₄ 40% mampu menghasilkan CNF berkualitas tinggi yang berpotensi sebagai bahan penguat komposit PMMA untuk aplikasi basis gigi tiruan.
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Tooth loss or edentulism remains a major challenge in oral rehabilitation through the use of denture bases made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic resin. However, PMMA has limitations in its mechanical properties and exhibits a relatively artificial appearance. This study aimed to develop a PMMA composite reinforced with cellulose nanofibers (CNF) derived from pineapple leaf fibers as an aesthetic modifier and hydroxyapatite (HAp) as a filler to improve mechanical properties and biocompatibility. CNF was synthesized through alkalization, NaOCl bleaching with variations in concentration and duration, H₂SO₄ hydrolysis at 40% and 50% concentrations, followed by sonication. The resulting CNF was characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and flexural strength testing with a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The optimum condition was achieved by bleaching with 2% NaOCl for 75 minutes followed by 40% H₂SO₄ hydrolysis. FTIR confirmed successful delignification, while XRD showed a crystallinity index of 78.76%. SEM revealed continuous fibrillar morphology with diameters of 10–50 nm and lengths of 4–10 µm. The PMMA–HAp composite reinforced with H40 CNF exhibited a flexural strength of 80.94 MPa and a flexural modulus of 11,880.56 MPa, which were higher than those of H50 CNF. These results indicate that bleaching with 2% NaOCl for 75 minutes followed by 40% H₂SO₄ hydrolysis produced high-quality CNF with potential as a reinforcing material for PMMA denture base composites.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Basis Gigi Tiruan, Nanofiber Selulosa, PMMA, Serat Daun Nanas. =================================================================================== Denture base, Nanocellulose Fibers, PMMA, Pineapple leaf fibers.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248 Nanogels. Nanoparticles.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Aqyura Arga Pradipa
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2026 01:53
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2026 01:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140935

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