Rahmadhani, Cintya Erika (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Clearance Poros–Bushing Terhadap Perilaku Termal, Struktural, dan Modal pada Pompa Vertikal API 3171 dengan Metode Elemen Hingga. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pompa sentrifugal vertikal tipe API 3171 merupakan komponen kritis dalam industri minyak dan gas yang harus memenuhi standar API 610. Data lapangan menunjukkan bahwa clearance radial aktual poros–bushing mencapai 1,27 mm, 1.145% melebihi batas rekomendasi manual IOM yang mengakibatkan kerusakan fisik berupa scored bushing, kegagalan oil seal, dan scratch pada poros. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi clearance radial terhadap perilaku termal, struktural, dan modal poros sepanjang 5,2 meter, serta menentukan rentang clearance optimal berbasis pendekatan evaluasi multi-kriteria yang mengacu pada standar API 610 dan IOM API 3171. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan ANSYS Workbench dengan tiga modul terintegrasi: Steady-State Thermal, Static Structural, dan Pre-Stressed Modal, pada 21 variasi clearance radial dalam rentang 0,0254 mm hingga 1,27 mm. Material poros menggunakan Stainless Steel AISI 316 dan bushing menggunakan Bronze SAE 660 dengan kecepatan operasi nominal 3.600 RPM. Hasil analisis termal menunjukkan bahwa temperatur maksimum berkisar antara 54,55°C hingga 55,91°C pada seluruh variasi, jauh di bawah batas ATEX T6 (80°C), sehingga aspek termal bukan faktor pembeda utama antar variasi. Analisis struktural menunjukkan bahwa tegangan Von Mises meningkat secara non-linear seiring bertambahnya clearance. Pada rentang optimal, tegangan Von Mises berkisar antara 127,53 MPa hingga 252,08 MPa, seluruhnya di bawah yield strength AISI 316 sebesar 276 MPa, dengan deformasi total poros lebih kecil dari nilai clearance terpasang sehingga tidak terjadi kontak fisik poros–bushing. Clearance aktual lapangan 1,27 mm menghasilkan tegangan 1.320,30 MPa atau 4,7 kali lipat batas luluh material. Analisis modal pada rentang aman menunjukkan frekuensi alami Mode 1 berkisar 374,87–375,18 Hz, dengan separation margin terhadap frekuensi operasi 60 Hz sebesar >524%, jauh melampaui persyaratan minimum API 610 sebesar 20%. Berdasarkan evaluasi multi-kriteria yang mengintegrasikan aspek termal, struktural, dan dinamis, serta mengacu pada batas running clearance IOM API 3171 untuk kombinasi material Bronze–AISI 316, rentang clearance radial optimal ditetapkan pada 0,0889 mm hingga 0,3429 mm. Batas bawah ditetapkan berdasarkan spesifikasi pemasangan pabrikan (0,05–0,10 mm), sedangkan batas atas ditetapkan berdasarkan batas struktural material poros hasil simulasi.
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The API 3171 vertical centrifugal pump is a critical component in the oil and gas industry, required to comply with API 610 standards. Field data revealed that the actual shaft–bushing radial clearance reached 1.27 mm, 1,145% beyond the IOM manual's recommended limit, resulting in physical damage including scored bushing, oil seal failure, and shaft scratching. This study aims to analyze the effect of radial clearance variation on the thermal, structural, and modal behavior of a 5.2-meter shaft, and to determine the optimal clearance range based on a multi-criteria evaluation approach referencing API 610 and IOM API 3171 standards. Simulations were performed using ANSYS Workbench with three integrated modules: Steady-State Thermal, Static Structural, and Pre-Stressed Modal, across 21 clearance variations ranging from 0.0254 mm to 1.27 mm. The shaft material is Stainless Steel AISI 316 and the bushing material is Bronze SAE 660, with a nominal operating speed of 3,600 RPM. Thermal analysis results show that maximum temperatures range from 54.55°C to 55.91°C across all variations, well below the ATEX T6 limit of 80°C, confirming that thermal performance is not the primary differentiating factor among clearance variations. Structural analysis reveals that Von Mises stress increases non-linearly with increasing clearance. Within the optimal range, Von Mises stress varies between 127.53 MPa and 252.08 MPa, all below the AISI 316 yield strength of 276 MPa, with total shaft deformation remaining smaller than the installed clearance, ensuring no physical shaft–bushing contact. The actual field clearance of 1.27 mm produced a stress of 1,320.30 MPa, 4.7 times the material yield limit. Modal analysis within the safe range shows Mode 1 natural frequencies of 374.87–375.18 Hz, with a separation margin against the 60 Hz operating frequency exceeding 524%, far surpassing the API 610 minimum requirement of 20%. Based on multi-criteria evaluation integrating thermal, structural, and dynamic aspects, and referencing the IOM API 3171 running clearance specification for Bronze–AISI 316 material combination, the optimal radial clearance range is established at 0.0889 mm to 0.3429 mm. The lower bound is defined by the manufacturer's installation specification (0.05–0.10 mm), while the upper bound is determined by the structural limit of the shaft material obtained from simulation results.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | clearance radial, poros–bushing, pompa vertikal API 3171, metode elemen hingga, ANSYS, analisis termal, analisis struktural, analisis modal, API 610, evaluasi multi-kriteria, radial clearance, shaft–bushing, API 3171 vertical pump, finite element method, ANSYS, thermal analysis, structural analysis, modal analysis, API 610, multi-criteria evaluation. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ174 Maintenance and repair of machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ919 Centrifugal pumps--Design and construction. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4) |
| Depositing User: | Cintya Erika Rahmadhani |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2026 08:50 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2026 08:50 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140974 |
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