Studi Post-Combustion Carbon Capture (PCC) Menggunakan Absorpsi Kimia pada Pabrik Amoniak Unit 1B (2000 MTPD) di PT. Petrokimia Gresik

Prasetya, Aditya Sigit (2026) Studi Post-Combustion Carbon Capture (PCC) Menggunakan Absorpsi Kimia pada Pabrik Amoniak Unit 1B (2000 MTPD) di PT. Petrokimia Gresik. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 6008241032-Master_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (2MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Emisi karbon dioksida (CO₂) dari proses produksi amonia merupakan salah satu kontributor utama emisi gas rumah kaca di Indonesia, terutama yang berasal dari flue gas primary reformer. Sebagai upaya mendukung target Net Zero Emission (NZE) Indonesia tahun 2060, penelitian ini mengevaluasi kelayakan teknis dan ekonomis penerapan teknologi Post-Combustion Carbon Capture (PCC) pada Pabrik Amoniak Unit 1B PT Petrokimia Gresik berkapasitas 2000 MTPD menggunakan pelarut Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) yang diaktivasi dengan Piperazine (PZ). Simulasi proses dilakukan menggunakan Aspen HYSYS V12 dengan Acid Gas–Chemical Solvents Package dan divalidasi terhadap data acuan Monoethanolamine (MEA) 30 wt% dari literatur dengan deviasi kurang dari 5% pada parameter kinerja utama. Model konseptual unit PCC dikembangkan meliputi kolom absorber, stripper, sistem integrasi panas, serta kebutuhan utilitas, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis tekno-ekonomi yang mencakup estimasi capital expenditure (CAPEX), operating expenditure (OPEX), dan biaya penangkapan CO₂. Pengaruh variasi konsentrasi MDEA 30–55 wt% dengan konsentrasi PZ tetap 5 wt% dievaluasi secara sistematis. Efisiensi penangkapan CO₂ meningkat dari 84,28% hingga maksimum 87,62% pada konsentrasi 45 wt% MDEA, kemudian cenderung mencapai batas kesetimbangan, sedangkan peningkatan konsentrasi MDEA mampu menurunkan laju sirkulasi pelarut dan kebutuhan energi regenerasi. Meskipun 45 wt% MDEA memberikan efisiensi penangkapan tertinggi, hasil Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) menunjukkan bahwa komposisi 50 wt% MDEA + 5 wt% PZ merupakan kondisi optimum karena menghasilkan Specific Reboiler Duty terendah sebesar 2,752 GJ/tCO₂, konsumsi utilitas yang lebih rendah, biaya penangkapan CO₂ yang lebih ekonomis, serta fleksibilitas operasi yang lebih baik. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa biaya penangkapan CO₂ diperkirakan sebesar USD 309/tCO₂, yang ekuivalen dengan tambahan biaya produksi amonia sekitar USD 126/tNH₃, sehingga menghasilkan estimasi biaya produksi amonia sebesar USD 426/tNH₃, yang masih kompetitif dibandingkan harga pasar blue ammonia saat ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem PCC berbasis pelarut MDEA–PZ merupakan alternatif yang layak secara teknis dan ekonomis sebagai teknologi retrofit untuk mendukung dekarbonisasi pabrik amonia serta transisi menuju produksi amonia rendah karbon di Indonesia.
============================================================
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from ammonia production represent a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia, particularly from primary reformer flue gas. To support Indonesia's Net Zero Emissions (NZE) 2060 target, this study investigates the technical and economic feasibility of implementing a Post-Combustion Carbon Capture (PCC) system at PT Petrokimia Gresik's 2000 MTPD Ammonia Plant Unit 1B using Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) activated with Piperazine (PZ). Process simulations were performed in Aspen HYSYS V12 using the Acid Gas–Chemical Solvents package and validated against published 30 wt% Monoethanolamine (MEA) benchmark data, with deviations below 5% for key performance indicators. A conceptual PCC process was developed, including absorber and stripper columns, heat integration, and utility requirements, followed by a techno-economic assessment encompassing capital expenditure (CAPEX), operating expenditure (OPEX), and CO₂ capture cost. The influence of MDEA concentration (30–55 wt%) with a constant 5 wt% PZ was systematically evaluated. CO₂ capture efficiency increased from 84.28% to a maximum of 87.62% at 45 wt% MDEA before approaching equilibrium limitations, whereas higher MDEA concentrations reduced solvent circulation rates and regeneration energy. Although 45 wt% MDEA exhibited the highest capture efficiency, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) identified 50 wt% MDEA + 5 wt% PZ as the optimum solvent composition, achieving the lowest Specific Reboiler Duty (2.752 GJ/tCO₂), reduced utility consumption, lower CO₂ capture cost, and greater operational flexibility. The economic assessment estimated a CO₂ capture cost of USD 309/tCO₂, corresponding to an additional ammonia production cost of approximately USD 126/tNH₃, resulting in an estimated production cost of USD 426/tNH₃, which remains competitive with current blue ammonia market prices. These findings demonstrate that the MDEA–PZ PCC system is a technically feasible and economically attractive retrofit option for decarbonizing existing ammonia plants while supporting the transition toward low-carbon ammonia production in Indonesia.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Post-Combustion Carbon Capture (PCC), Pabrik amonia, Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), Piperazine (PZ), Analisis tekno-ekonomi, Ammonia plant, Techno-economic analysis.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Aditya Sigit Prasetya
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2026 03:32
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2026 03:32
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141070

Actions (login required)

View Item