Implementasi Sistem Fertigasi Menggunakan Sistem Kontrol Nutrisi Terlarut pada Mixing Tank Vertical Aeroponic Tanaman Selada (Lactuca Sativa)

Iskandar, Qonita Wuri Nur (2026) Implementasi Sistem Fertigasi Menggunakan Sistem Kontrol Nutrisi Terlarut pada Mixing Tank Vertical Aeroponic Tanaman Selada (Lactuca Sativa). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Ketidakstabilan konsentrasi nutrisi pada sistem aeroponik menjadi tantangan utama karena dapat menurunkan efisiensi penyerapan unsur hara dan menghambat pertumbuhan optimal tanaman. Penelitian ini merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem fertigasi otomatis berbasis kontrol nutrisi terlarut pada mixing tank vertical aeroponic untuk budidaya selada (Lactuca Sativa), menggunakan sensor Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sebagai umpan balik. Sistem dibangun di atas mikrokontroler ESP32 yang mengintegrasikan sensor TDS, sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04, solenoid valve air dan nutrisi AB Mix, serta motor pengaduk untuk menjaga homogenitas larutan. Metode kontrol on-off diterapkan dengan setpoint 600 ppm dan toleransi 590–610 ppm, sehingga sistem menambahkan nutrisi saat TDS turun di bawah ambang bawah dan menambahkan air saat melebihi ambang atas. Pengujian mencakup validasi sensor, uji aktuator, homogenitas pencampuran, hingga implementasi selama tujuh hari pada budidaya selada, yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan metode tanpa kontrol. Hasil menunjukkan rata-rata TDS harian berada pada rentang 586,90–595,30 ppm, dengan enam dari tujuh hari pengamatan berada dalam batas toleransi, meski sempat terjadi penurunan sesaat pada beberapa titik pengukuran akibat proses homogenisasi larutan. Tanaman pada metode kontrol tumbuh lebih baik, dengan rata-rata panjang daun 9,46 cm dan lebar daun 4,26 cm, dibandingkan 8,50 cm dan 4,02 cm pada metode tanpa kontrol. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa kontrol nutrisi otomatis berbasis TDS efektif menjaga kestabilan konsentrasi larutan mendekati setpoint dan mendorong pertumbuhan vegetatif selada yang lebih optimal dibandingkan tanpa kontrol.
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Fluctuations in nutrient concentration within aeroponic systems pose a major challenge, as they can reduce the efficiency of nutrient uptake and hinder optimal plant growth. This study designed and implemented an automated fertigation system based on dissolved nutrient control in a vertical aeroponic mixing tank for the cultivation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), using a Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sensor as feedback. The system is built around an ESP32 microcontroller that integrates a TDS sensor, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, solenoid valves for water and AB Mix nutrients, and a stirring motor to maintain solution homogeneity. An on-off control method was applied with a setpoint of 600 ppm and a tolerance range of 590–610 ppm; thus, the system adds nutrients when the TDS falls below the lower threshold and adds water when it exceeds the upper threshold. Testing included sensor validation, actuator testing, mixing homogeneity assessment, and a seven-day implementation during lettuce cultivation, which was subsequently compared with an uncontrolled method. The results showed that the average daily TDS was within the range of 586.90–595.30 ppm, with six out of the seven days of observation falling within the tolerance limits, although there were brief drops at some measurement points due to the solution homogenisation process. Plants in the control group grew better, with an average leaf length of 9.46 cm and leaf width of 4.26 cm, compared to 8.50 cm and 4.02 cm in the uncontrolled group. These findings demonstrate that TDS-based automatic nutrient control is effective in maintaining solution concentration stability close to the setpoint and promotes more optimal vegetative growth of lettuce compared to the uncontrolled method.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aeroponik, Selada, Nutrisi AB Mix, Sistem Mixing, TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) Aeroponic, Lettuce, AB Mix, Mixing, TDS (Total Dissolved Solids)
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S633.5 Fertilizers
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Qonita Wuri Nur Iskandar
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2026 06:27
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2026 06:27
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141077

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