Desain Tangki Kapal Pengangkut CO2 Cair (LCO2 Carrier) dengan Mempertimbangkan Faktor Sloshing

Mustadi, Maulana Aslam (2026) Desain Tangki Kapal Pengangkut CO2 Cair (LCO2 Carrier) dengan Mempertimbangkan Faktor Sloshing. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Transportasi CO₂ cair berbasis kapal memerlukan sistem tangki yang mampu mempertahankan kondisi muatan sekaligus menerima beban dinamis selama pelayaran. Salah satu fenomena yang perlu diperhatikan adalah sloshing, terutama ketika tangki berada pada kondisi muat parsial dan mengalami gerakan rolling. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sloshing terhadap tekanan pada dinding tangki CO₂ cair, mengevaluasi pengaruh tingkat pengisian 25%, 50%, dan 85%, serta menentukan konfigurasi elemen internal yang memberikan kompromi terbaik antara reduksi tekanan, tambahan berat pelat, dan beban tekanan pada elemen internal. Model yang digunakan adalah tangki tipe C berbentuk silinder horizontal dengan hemispherical head. Simulasi numerik dilakukan menggunakan ANSYS Fluent dengan pendekatan Computational Fluid Dynamics dan metode Volume of Fluid. Variasi desain yang dianalisis terdiri atas base design, full bulkhead, partial baffle, swash bulkhead A, dan swash bulkhead B. Setup CFD terlebih dahulu divalidasi terhadap benchmark sloshing, kemudian dievaluasi melalui grid independence test, time step independence test, dan verifikasi setup. Tekanan operasi sebesar 19 bar diterapkan sejak awal simulasi. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa tekanan maksimum pada base design selama satu siklus gerakan rolling sebesar 1.929.876,64 Pa pada tingkat pengisian 25%, 1.916.004,96 Pa pada tingkat pengisian 50%, dan 1.903.010,15 Pa pada tingkat pengisian 85%. Full bulkhead menghasilkan rata-rata reduksi tekanan terbesar sebesar 0,4254%, tetapi hanya digunakan sebagai pembanding pembatasan aliran maksimum. Di antara desain yang masih menyediakan jalur aliran fluida, partial baffle menghasilkan rata-rata reduksi tekanan tertinggi sebesar 0,2431% dan tambahan berat pelat terendah sebesar 29,51 ton, tetapi menghasilkan beban tekanan rata-rata sekat terbesar, yang direpresentasikan oleh rata-rata beda tekanan maksimum sebesar 8.979,73 Pa. Berdasarkan evaluasi trade-off dan metode Simple Additive Weighting, partial baffle memperoleh skor tertinggi sebesar 0,8894 dan direkomendasikan sebagai desain yang memberikan kompromi terbaik dalam batasan penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa elemen internal memengaruhi pola aliran dan tekanan pada dinding tangki, tetapi pengaruhnya tidak seragam pada setiap tingkat pengisian. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi desain perlu mempertimbangkan tekanan dinding, beban tekanan internal, dan tambahan berat secara bersamaan.
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Ship-based transportation of liquefied CO₂ requires a cargo tank system capable of maintaining cargo conditions while withstanding dynamic loads during operation. One phenomenon that requires consideration is sloshing, particularly when the tank is partially filled and subjected to rolling motion. This study aims to analyze the effect of sloshing on liquefied CO₂ tank wall pressure, evaluate filling levels of 25%, 50%, and 85%, and determine the internal configuration that provides the best compromise between pressure reduction, additional plate weight, and pressure loading on the internal element. The model used is a horizontal cylindrical Type C tank with hemispherical heads. Numerical simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent with a Computational Fluid Dynamics approach and the Volume of Fluid method. The analyzed design variations consist of the base design, full bulkhead, partial baffle, swash bulkhead A, and swash bulkhead B. The CFD setup was first validated against a sloshing benchmark and subsequently evaluated through grid independence, time-step independence, and setup verification. An operating pressure of 19 bar was applied from the start of the simulation. The results show that the maximum pressures obtained for the base design during one rolling cycle were 1,929,876.64 Pa at 25% filling, 1,916,004.96 Pa at 50% filling, and 1,903,010.15 Pa at 85% filling. The full bulkhead produced the highest average pressure reduction of 0.4254%, but was used only as a benchmark representing maximum flow restriction. Among the designs that maintained a fluid flow path, the partial baffle produced the highest average pressure reduction of 0.2431% and the lowest additional plate weight of 29.51 tons, but also generated the highest average pressure load on the internal element, represented by an average maximum pressure differential of 8,979.73 Pa. Based on the trade-off evaluation and the Simple Additive Weighting method, the partial baffle achieved the highest score of 0.8894 and is recommended as the design providing the best compromise within the scope of this study. The results indicate that internal elements affect the flow pattern and tank wall pressure, but their effects are not uniform across all filling levels. Therefore, design evaluation should simultaneously consider wall pressure, internal pressure loading, and additional weight.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	LCO₂ Carrier, Sloshing, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Partial Baffle
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA357 Computational fluid dynamics. Fluid Mechanics
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Naval Architecture and Shipbuilding Engineering > 36201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Maulana Aslam Mustadi
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2026 04:37
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2026 04:37
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141273

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