Prasetyo, Najwa Azzahra (2026) Regenerasi Material Katoda Baterai RNCA (LiNi₁⁄₃Co₁⁄₃Al₁⁄₃O₂) Menggunakan Metode Direct Recycling Berbasis Deep Eutectic Solvents pada Suhu 100 °C: Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi terhadap Performa Elektrokimia. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Meningkatnya penggunaan baterai lithium-ion pada kendaraan listrik dan perangkat elektronik telah menyebabkan peningkatan jumlah limbah baterai end-of-life (EoL) sehingga
diperlukannya teknologi daur ulang yang lebih efisien dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satu material katoda yang banyak digunakan adalah Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium Oxide (NCA)
karena memiliki kapasitas spesifik tinggi, densitas energi besar, serta stabilitas siklus yang baik. Penelitian ini mengusulkan metode direct recycling berbasis Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) sebagai alternatif regenerasi material katoda yang lebih ramah lingkungan dibandingkan metode pyrometallurgy maupun hydrometallurgy. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan komposisi dari R-NCA 0,025 hingga R-NCA 0,1 menghasilkan puncak difraksi yang semakin tajam, ukuran kristalit yang meningkat, serta nilai FWHM yang menurun,
mengindikasikan peningkatan kristalinitas dan berkurangnya cation mixing. Hasil EIS menunjukkan bahwa respons elektrokimia material didominasi oleh proses difusi ion lithium, sementara hasil GCD memperlihatkan daerah plateau tegangan yang menandakan proses interkalasi-deinterkalasi ion Li⁺ berlangsung reversibel. Di antara seluruh variasi, sampel R-NCA 0,025 menunjukkan performa elektrokimia paling optimal, dengan nilai impedansi terendah serta kapasitas pengisian dan pengosongan tertinggi sebesar 183,6 mAh g-1 dan 177,8 mAh g-1 disertai efisiensi coulombic 96,84%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa metode regenerasi berbasis DESs pada suhu 100 °C mampu mempertahankan struktur berlapis serta performa elektrokimia material katoda NCA, dengan komposisi R-NCA 0,025 sebagai kondisi regenerasi paling efektif dalam penelitian ini.
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The increasing use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and electronic devices has led to a growing amount of end-of-life (EoL) battery waste, requiring more efficient and environmentally friendly recycling technologies. One of the widely used cathode materials is Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium Oxide (NCA), known for its high specific capacity, large energy density, and good cycling stability. This study proposes a direct recycling method based on Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) as an environmentally friendly alternative for cathode material regeneration compared to pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods. XRD results show that increasing the composition from R-NCA 0.025 to R-NCA 0.1 produces sharper and more intense diffraction peaks, larger crystallite size, and a decreasing FWHM value, indicating enhanced crystallinity and reduced cation mixing. EIS results show that the electrochemical response of the material is dominated by the lithium-ion diffusion process,while GCD results reveal a voltage plateau region indicating that the intercalation-deintercalation process of Li⁺ ions occur reversibly. Among all variations, the R-NCA 0.025 sample exhibited the most optimal electrochemical performance, with the lowest impedance value as well as the highest charge and discharge capacities of 183.6 mAh g⁻¹ and 177.8 mAhg⁻¹, accompanied by a coulombic efficiency of 96.84%. These results indicate that the DES-based regeneration method at 100 °C can preserve the layered structure and electrochemical performance of the NCA cathode material, with the R-NCA 0.025 composition being the most effective regeneration condition in this study.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Baterai lithium-ion, Deep Eutectic Solvents, Recycle Baterai, Regenerasi Baterai. ============================================================ ============================================================ Battery Recycling, Deep Eutectic Solvents, Lithium-ion batteries, NCA Cathode Regeneration |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics > QC451 Spectroscopy Q Science > QC Physics > QC701 Electric discharges--Measurement. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Najwa Azzahra Prasetyo |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2026 06:20 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2026 06:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141331 |
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