Effect of Intake System Cyclone Adding of Dualfuel Diesel – Hydrogen on Air-Fuel Flow Incylinder Using CFD

Anthonie, Michael Yosep (2026) Effect of Intake System Cyclone Adding of Dualfuel Diesel – Hydrogen on Air-Fuel Flow Incylinder Using CFD. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Meningkatnya kebutuhan akan mesin pembakaran dalam yang lebih bersih dan efisien mendorong pengembangan sistem dual fuel diesel-hidrogen sebagai alternatif mesin diesel konvensional, mengingat sifat hidrogen yang memiliki laju rambat api cepat, rentang mudah terbakar luas, dan pembakaran bebas karbon. Namun, pencampuran udara-bahan bakar yang efektif tetap krusial, mengingat laju alir massa hidrogen (9,17×10⁻⁷ kg/s) jauh lebih kecil dibanding udara (0,0044 kg/s), sehingga distribusi hidrogen sangat bergantung pada gerakan udara terorganisir. Salah satu pendekatan pasif untuk meningkatkan pencampuran di dalam silinder adalah memasang cyclone intake guna membangkitkan aliran udara berputar (swirl) sebelum memasuki ruang bakar. Penelitian ini menganalisis secara numerik pengaruh variasi geometri cyclone intake terhadap karakteristik aliran udara pada sistem intake dan di dalam silinder mesin dual fuel diesel-hidrogen berbasis YANMAR TF 85 MH, menggunakan simulasi CFD steady-state pada ANSYS Fluent pada 1.400 RPM (bukaan katup intake maksimum), dengan model turbulensi RNG k-ε, algoritma SIMPLEC, dan skema first-order upwind. Empat variasi geometri vane (GD050330, GD110530, GD110430, GD110360) dibandingkan terhadap baseline (tanpa siklon) berdasarkan kecepatan tangensial, tekanan total, swirl ratio, dan pressure drop. Hasil menunjukkan keempat konfigurasi cyclone secara konsisten meningkatkan kecepatan tangensial dan swirl ratio dibanding baseline (6,81 m/s; swirl ratio 1,16069) dengan margin sempit sekitar 4,13–5,03%, tertinggi pada GD110360 (7,15 m/s; 1,21906, +5,03%), diikuti GD050330 (+4,99%), GD110430 (+4,78%), dan GD110530 (+4,13%). Namun, keempat konfigurasi berbeda signifikan pada pressure drop: GD050330 tertinggi (9.394,76 Pa, +19,15%), sedangkan GD110430 terendah (6.943,49 Pa, −11,93%) meski tetap mempertahankan salah satu peningkatan swirl ratio tertinggi. Kontur turbulent kinetic energy GD050330 mencakup rentang terluas (0–100 m²/s²), mengindikasikan distribusi turbulensi paling merata untuk pencampuran hidrogen-udara, sementara GD110360 mencatatkan rentang TKE tersempit (0,0065–12,67 m²/s²) meski swirl ratio-nya tertinggi. Temuan ini menunjukkan panjang vane tidak berpengaruh kuat atau monotonik terhadap peningkatan swirl, namun berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pressure drop: GD110430 paling efisien secara aliran dengan swirl kompetitif, sedangkan GD050330 unggul dalam distribusi turbulensi untuk pencampuran namun dengan hambatan aliran terbesar. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan numerik terhadap desain cyclone intake pada mesin dual fuel diesel-hidrogen dan menjadi dasar validasi eksperimental serta kajian multi-RPM lebih lanjut.
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The increasing demand for cleaner and more efficient internal combustion engines has driven interest in dual fuel diesel–hydrogen combustion as an alternative to conventional diesel systems, owing to hydrogen's rapid flame speed, wide flammability range, and carbon-free combustion. However, effective air–fuel mixing remains critical, since hydrogen's mass flow rate (9.17×10⁻⁷ kg/s) is far smaller than the air flow (0.0044 kg/s), making its distribution highly dependent on organized air motion. One passive approach to enhance in-cylinder mixing is installing a cyclone intake to induce swirling air motion before the combustion chamber. This study numerically investigates the effect of cyclone intake geometry on intake and in-cylinder air flow characteristics of a YANMAR TF 85 MH-based dual fuel diesel–hydrogen engine using steady-state CFD simulation in ANSYS Fluent at 1,400 RPM (maximum intake valve lift), employing the RNG k-ε turbulence model, SIMPLEC coupling, and first-order upwind discretization. Four vane geometries (GD050330, GD110530, GD110430, GD110360) were compared against a no-cyclone baseline based on tangential velocity, total pressure, swirl ratio, and pressure drop. Results show that all four cyclone configurations consistently increase tangential velocity and swirl ratio relative to baseline (6.81 m/s; swirl ratio 1.16069), by a narrow margin of approximately 4.13–5.03%, highest for GD110360 (7.15 m/s; 1.21906, +5.03%), followed by GD050330 (+4.99%), GD110430 (+4.78%), and GD110530 (+4.13%). However, the four configurations differ substantially in pressure drop: GD050330 records the highest (9,394.76 Pa, +19.15%), while GD110430 records the lowest (6,943.49 Pa, −11.93%) while still retaining one of the higher swirl-ratio improvements. GD050330's turbulent kinetic energy contour spans the widest range (0–100 m²/s²), indicating the most broadly distributed turbulence enhancement for hydrogen-air mixing, while GD110360 exhibits the narrowest TKE range (0.0065–12.67 m²/s²) despite having the highest swirl ratio. These findings indicate that vane length has no strong or monotonic influence on swirl enhancement, but significantly affects pressure drop: GD110430 emerges as the most flow-efficient configuration with a competitive swirl improvement, whereas GD050330 is more favorable for turbulence distribution aimed at mixing, at the cost of the largest flow resistance. This study contributes numerical insight into cyclone intake design for dual fuel diesel–hydrogen engines and provides a basis for further experimental validation and multi-RPM investigation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	dual fuel diesel–hidrogen, siklon, swirl, turbulensi, CFD, diesel–hydrogen dual fuel, cyclone, swirl, turbulence, CFD
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ797 Diesel motor--Fuel systems--Testing. V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM731 Marine Engines
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Michael Yosep Anthonie
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 07:13
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 07:13
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141332

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